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The Cell Review

The Cell Review. Osmosis is a form of ________transport. passive. List 2 ways in which plant and animal cells are structurally different. Animals cell = many vacuoles, Centrioles and Lysosomes Plant cell= large water vacuole, chloroplast, cell wall.

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The Cell Review

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  1. The Cell Review

  2. Osmosis is a form of ________transport. • passive

  3. List 2 ways in which plant and animal cells are structurally different. • Animals cell = many vacuoles, Centrioles and Lysosomes • Plant cell= large water vacuole, chloroplast, cell wall

  4. What part of a phospholipid would be touching water? • Phosphate head

  5. What type of cells are plant and animal cells? • Eukaryotic Cells

  6. Organelle: Site of chemical reactions; holds organelles • cytoplasm

  7. What type of eukaryotic cell is the following? • Plant

  8. The shape of the cell depends on its _______. • function

  9. Identify: • Mitochondria

  10. The movement of materials across the plasma membrane by the use of transport proteins is called____________________. • Facilitated diffusion

  11. Organelle: Contains digestive enzymes that break down molecules • Lysosomes

  12. Suppose a ribosome attached to the rough ER made a protein. Where will it go next? • Golgi body

  13. List one difference between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells. • Prokaryotic cells = no nucleus; no membrane bound organelles • Eukaryotic cells = nucleus; have membrane bound organelles

  14. The plasma membrane of the cell is specific in what is allowed to enter and exit the cell. This is an example of_________________. • Selectively permeable or • Semi-permeable

  15. A function of chloroplasts would be ____________________. • Photosynthesis

  16. Identify: • Water Vacuole

  17. When food is pushed out of the paramecium, (one celled protist) this process is called______. • Exocytosis

  18. What part of a phospholipid would be NOT be touching water? • Fatty Acid Tails

  19. This macromolecule is found among the phospholipids and helps prevent the fatty acid tails from sticking together. • Cholesterol

  20. Identify: • Nucleolus

  21. Which scientist came up with the word “cell” based on the cells where monks lived? • Robert Hooke

  22. The pressure that exists inside a plant cell when it swells is _________ pressure • turgor

  23. What part of the phospholipid would be touching water? • Phosphate head

  24. What is the significance of all the folds in the mitochondria? • The folds increase the surface area so this small organelle can make a lot of energy

  25. What would be the normal environment for a plant cell? • Hypotonic

  26. Organelle: Provides support for plant cells • Cell Wall

  27. Osmosis does not occur when a cell is placed into a(n) _______ solution • isotonic

  28. Why does active transport use cellular energy? • Active transports moves molecules from an area of LOW to HIGH concentration (against the concentration gradient)

  29. Identify: • Chloroplast

  30. The first person to observe and describe microscopic organisms and living cells was • Anton Leeuenhoek

  31. What type of active transport is used to remove wastes and mucus from a cell? • Exocytosis

  32. How are the mitochondria and chloroplast similar? • Both help make energy

  33. 1.____________________ 2____________ Phospholipid Molecule • 1 = phosphate head • 2= lipid tails

  34. What type(s) of solution(s) would you want to avoid in your IV before going into surgery? • Hypertonic • Hypotonic

  35. Are phosphate heads hydrophobic or hydrophilic? • Hydrophilic

  36. Groups of two or more tissues that function together is called a(n) ________. • organ

  37. Organelle: Synthesizes (makes) proteins • ribosomes

  38. A cell membrane is a thin layer of lipids and _______________. • proteins

  39. Movement of molecules is from high to low concentrations is called ________ • Diffusion

  40. A _______ is a solution in which the concentration of dissolved substances is HIGHER than the concentration inside the cell. • Hypertonic

  41. Identify: • Golgi body

  42. Process by which a cell surrounds and takes in material from its environment is called _____ • Endocytosis

  43. The loss of turgor pressure is called __________ • plasmolysis

  44. Maintaining a constant internal environment despite changing external conditions is called ___ • Homeostasis

  45. Organelle: Site of RNA synthesis • Nucleolus

  46. Movement of molecules without using cellular energy is called _________ • Passive transport

  47. What type of cell are bacteria? • Prokaryotic cell

  48. Organelle: Acts like a conveyer belt (transports proteins) • Rough ER

  49. Organelle: Control center for all cell functions • Nucleus

  50. A ________ is a solution in which the concentration of dissolved substances is LOWER than the concentration inside the cell. • Hypotonic

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