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Native Trees of North Carolina

Native Trees of North Carolina. DESCRIPTION Leaves 6 to 9 inches long Bark on young trees dark in color and deeply furrowed Perhaps the fastest growing southern pine. USES Used in construction Interior and exterior finish Used for pulp. Loblolly Pine Pinus taeda.

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Native Trees of North Carolina

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  1. Native Trees of North Carolina

  2. DESCRIPTION Leaves 6 to 9 inches long Bark on young trees dark in color and deeply furrowed Perhaps the fastest growing southern pine USES Used in construction Interior and exterior finish Used for pulp Loblolly PinePinus taeda

  3. Characteristics of Loblolly Pines

  4. DESCRIPTION Leaves deciduous in autumn 2 to 6 inches long 1 to ½ inches wide Ovals to oblong and pointed at each end Margins finely toothed USES Furniture Musical Instruments Tool handles Gun stocks Black Cherry Prunus serotina ehrh

  5. Characteristics of Black Cherry

  6. DESCRIPTION Evergreen 2 to 4 inches long Epilintic, think, spine teeth Bark is white or pale gray, smooth on young trunks USES Cabinet work Wood-turning Engraver’s Blocks Inlaying Christmas Decorations American HollyLlex opaca ait

  7. Characteristics of American Holly

  8. DESCRIPTION Deciduous leaves in winter; usually 21/2 inches long 11/2 inches wide with narrowed base 3 lobed Stands 70-80 feet high 2-3 feet in diameter USES One of the main red oak lumber species Used as an ornamental tree Water OakQuercus nigra

  9. Characteristics of Water Oak

  10. DESCRIPTION Leaves deciduous in autumn 3 - 6 inches long and 11/2 – 2 inches wide Margins toothed Tick bright green and hairy on the upper surface Whitish and hairy below USES Shuttle blocks Pulleys blocks Pulleys Mullet Heads of bobbin Heads of golf clubs Heads of handles Flowering DogwoodCornus florida

  11. Characteristics of Flowering Dogwood

  12. DESCRIPTION Leaves deciduous in autumn 11/2 – 5 ½ inches long 1/3 to 1 inch wide; narrow and pointed at both ends Light green smooth and skinny above Dull, paler and usually smooth below USES Planted widely as a shade tree Willow OakQuercus phellos

  13. Characteristics of Willow Oak

  14. DESCRIPTION Leaves deciduous in the spring of the second season 4 to 6 inches long 11/2 to 3 inches wide Smooth bright green shinning and smooth on the upper surface pale Nearly white and hairy below USES Wood of little or no commercial value Sweet Bay Magnolia virginiana

  15. Characteristics of Sweet Bay

  16. DESCRIPTION Leaves deciduous in autumn 5 – 6 inches long and wide Mostly 4 lobed with a rounded base dark green smooth and skinny on the upper surface Pale and smooth below USES Furniture Musical instruments Molding in houses and office building To make picture frames Yellow Poplar Lirodendown tulipifern

  17. Characteristics of Yellow Poplar

  18. DESCRIPTION Leaves deciduous in autumn 4 to 9 inches long, 1 ½ to 3 inches wide Bark grayish brown to darker USES Fence posts Railroad ties Fuel Chestnut OakQuercus prinus

  19. Characteristics of Chestnut Oak

  20. DESCRIPTION Leaves or needles 3 to 5 inches long It matures often at 80 or more feet in height with a straight trunk Trunk is 2-3 feet in diameter USES General Construction Interior finish Patterns Caskets Clocks Cabinet making Eastern White PinePinus strobus

  21. Characteristics of Eastern White Pine

  22. DESCRIPTION Leaves deciduous in autumn 4-9 inches long, 2 ¾ to 4 ¼ inches wide Bark silvery white or ashy gray and scaly USES Agricultural implements Wheels Fence Posts Baskets Fuel Swamp Chestnut Quercus michauxxi

  23. Characteristics of Swamp Chestnut

  24. DESCRIPTION Leaves deciduous in autumn 2 to 5 inches long, ½ to 3 inches wide Bark light brown, often tinged with red deeply furrowed USES Boxes boards Furniture Interior Trim Cross ties Pulp BlackgumNyssa sylvatica marsh

  25. Characteristics of Blackgum

  26. AMERICAN ELM Ulmus americana

  27. FACTS ON AMERICAN ELM • Form-the trunk is divided into several large, ascending and arching limbs. • Bark-dark, ashy-gray, flat topped ridges separated by diamond-shaped fissures • Twig-slender, slightly zigzagged, reddish-brown • Leaf-3 to 6 inches long, 1 to 3 inches wide. • They are shaped like a vase or an umbrella. • It is used to make barrels, fence posts, furniture, and boats. • American elm bark contains a strong fiber from which the Indians made ropes.

  28. AMERICAN SYCAMORE Platanus occidentalis

  29. Bark-thin, mottled brown, green and white. A.K.A. camouflage bark Twig- stout and orange-brown in color, terminal bud is absent. Leaf- palmately veined, 4-8 inched wide, ovate in shape, with 3-5 lobes. Margins are toothed Form- massive tree with heavy, spreading branches with zigzagged twigs. Facts on American Sycamore

  30. EASTERN HEMLOCK Tsuga canadensis

  31. Leaf- 1/2 inch long, dark green in color with 2 lines of white stomata below. Tips are blunt, needles are two ranked. Twig- fine, gray-brown in color Bark-young trees-gray-brown,smooth,turning scaly. Older trees-red/brown with wide Ridges and furrows. When cut or broken, purple streaks are shown. Form-medium sized tree with a dense conical crown. Fine branches and a floppy leader FACTS ON EASTERN HEMLOCK

  32. CATALPA CATALPA SPECIOSA

  33. Leaf- maybe opposite or whorled, pinnately veined, 5-12 inches long, leaves are cordate. Twig- stout, green, and later reddish-brown in color. Bark- separated into irregular shallow fissures with reddish-brown scales. Form- medium sized tree with spreading branches, irregular crown FACTS ON CATALPA

  34. RED MAPLE ACER RUBRUM

  35. FACTS ON RED MAPLE • Leaf- 2-4 inches long, light green above, hairy beneath. • Twig- reddish and lustrous, buds usually blunt. • Bark- smooth and light gray, with age becomes darker • Form- medium sized tree

  36. BALD CYPRESS TAXODIUM DISTICHUM

  37. Leaf-very feathery, leaflets are 1/4 to 3/4 inch long and 2 ranked and alternately arranged. Feathery leaves are 3-10 inches long. Twig- brown with small deciduous scales Form- large tree with a pyramid-shaped crown, cylindrical bole, fluted or buttresses base and often with knees. Bark- fibrous, red-brown maybe gray where exposed to the weather. Old thick bark may appear scaly FACTS ON BALD CYPRESS

  38. Longleaf Pine

  39. Longleaf Pine • Longleaf pine----Pinaceae Pinus palustris • Leaf: Evergreen, very long and feathery (8 to 18 inches long), with three dark green needles per fascicle. • Flower: Monoecious, males yellow-red, long, in clusters; females oval, purple. • Fruit: Very large (largest cone in the Eastern U. S. --6 to 10 inches long), ovoid to conical in shape, sessile. Scales are red-brown in color. The umbo is armed with a curved prickle. Maturing September to October. • Twig: Very stout, brown, with large obvious, asbestos-white buds. • Bark: Quite scaly, orange-brown to gray, will eventually develop plates. • Form: A medium-sized tree with a straight trunk, coarse branches and tufted needles at ends of branches.

  40. Shortleaf Pine

  41. Shortleaf Pine • Shortleaf pine --Pinaceae Pinus echinata • Leaf: Evergreen, 3 to 5 inches long, two or three (on the same branch) slender and flexible needles per fascicle, dark yellow-green in color. The fascicle sheath is persistent. • Flower: Monoecious, males cylindrical, red to yellow, in clumps at ends of twigs; females light green to red, with a large spine. • Fruit: Compact, 2 inches long, ovoid, somewhat persistent. Cones are red to brown in color. The umbo is armed with a small prickle. Maturing October to November. • Twig: Green and purple when young, later turning red-brown. • Bark: Scaly and dark on young trees, eventually developing plates with scaly surfaces."Volcanoes" or small surface pockets of pitch may be apparent. • Form: A medium to large tree with a small, open, pyramidal crown.

  42. Slash Pine

  43. Slash pine---Pinaceae Pinus elliottii Leaf: Evergreen, 7 to 10 inches long, flexible, with three (sometimes two) needles per fascicle, dark green in color. The fascicle sheath is quite long and persistent. Flower: Monoecious, males cylindrical, red to yellow, in clusters at ends of twigs; females red to green, stalked oval. Twig: Quite stout, orange-brown in color. Fruit: Cones are 3 to 6 inches long, ovoid, borne on a stalk. Cones are caramel in color. The umbo is armed with a small, out curved spine. Maturing--October to November. Bark: Red-brown and furrowed when young, becoming very platy. The surfaces of the plates are covered with thin, loose scales. Form: A medium-sized tree with a narrow-ovoid crown. Needles appear to be tufted at the ends of the branches. Slash Pine

  44. Southern Red Oak

  45. Southern red oak--Fagaceae Quercus falcata Leaf: Alternate, simple, 5 to 9 inches long and roughly obovate in outline. Two forms are common- 3 lobes with shallow sinuses or 5 to 7 lobes with deeper sinuses. Lobes are bristle-tipped. Tomentum is present below and on the petiole. Often resembles a turkey foot. Flower: Staminate flowers borne on catkins. Pistillate flowers borne on spikes. Appears with the leaves. Form: A medium-sized tree with a short trunk and large branches supporting a rounded crown. Fruit: Acorns are 1/2 inch long, orange-brown and pubescent. The cap covers less than 1/3 of the nut and is quite thin and flattened. Matures after two years, ripens in September or October. Twig: Reddish-brown in color, may be gray-pubescent or glabrous. Multiple terminal buds are dark red, pubescent, pointed and only 1/8 to 1/4 inch long. Bark: Dark in color, thick, with broad, scaly ridges separated by deep, narrow furrows. Resembles Q. velutina, but the inner bark is only slightly yellow. Southern Red Oak

  46. Blackjack Oak Fagaceae Quercus marilandica

  47. Blackjack Oak • Leaf: Alternate, simple, 5 to 8 inches long, thickened, with 3 shallow, bristle-tipped lobes near the end of the leaf, upper surface lustrous green, lower surface paler with orange-brown pubescence. • Flower: Monoecious, males 2 to 4 inch long hanging catkin, females small, single or paired. • Fruit: Acorn, nut 3/4 inch long often striated, light brown, cap covers about half of the nut and is covered with loose, hairy scales. • Twig: Stout, dark brown and scruffy-hairy, reddish-brown buds are 1/4 inch long, sharp, angled and fuzzy. • Bark: Very dark (almost black), rough, with blocky plates and splits. • Form: A small sized tree (20 to 30 feet tall) generally with poor form. It typically has a short trunk with a round crown made up of twisted limbs.

  48. Live Oak Fagaceae Quercus virginiana

  49. Live Oak Leaf: Alternate, simple, evergreen, leathery, 2 to 5 inches long, oblong or elliptical in shape with an entire or spiny and revolute margin. The upper surface is lustrous, the lower is pale and pubescent . Generally, not bristle-tipped. Flower: Staminate flowers borne on catkins. Pistillate flowers borne on spikes. Appearing March through May. Fruit: Acorns are in clusters of 3 to 5, maturing in one season. The nut is dark in color, 3/4 inch long and covered 1/3 by the cap. The cap is bowl-shaped and warty, termed "turbinate" by Harlow et al. Maturing in September of the first year. Twig: Slender, gray and pubescent, with small, blunt, multiple terminal buds. Bark: Rapidly developing red-brown furrows with small surface scales. Later, becoming black and very blocky. Form: A medium-sized tree that can grow to massive proportions. Open grown trees develop a huge rounded crown. The largest trees may be 150 feet across.

  50. Cottonwood Taxodiaceae Taxodium ascendens

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