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The Protestant Reformation

The Protestant Reformation. Causes. Church is interested in $ - Popes acting as political leaders – Priestly misconduct – Northern Humanists -. Martin Luther. 1483-1546 German monk who criticized the Catholic Church for losing sight of it’s spiritual mission 95 Theses

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The Protestant Reformation

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  1. TheProtestantReformation

  2. Causes • Church is interested in $ - • Popes acting as political leaders – • Priestly misconduct – • Northern Humanists -

  3. Martin Luther • 1483-1546 • German monk who criticized the Catholic Church for losing sight of it’s spiritual mission • 95 Theses • Challenged indulgences • Salvation through the grace of God

  4. Break with the Church • Bible as the sole authority • Simple interpretation of the bible • Ceremony could not make up for sin • 1521 Pope Leo X declared Luther a heretic and excommunicated him from the Catholic Church • Diet of Worms – Luther refused to recant; no scriptural basis

  5. The Spread of the Printing Press

  6. The Peasant Revolt - 1525 In reaction to Luther’s ideas and societal demands. Lead by Thomas Müntzer (the professor)

  7. Spread of Protestantism • Effects of the Printing Press • Luther’s reaction to the Peasant Revolt • German Princes at Augsburg 1531 • Schmalkaldic League (1531) & War 1546-55 • Peace at Augsburg 1555 • German rulers can choose religion

  8. The Holy Roman Empire in the 16c “Why theGermanies?”

  9. The Spread of Lutheranism

  10. The Anabaptists Dutch persecution of Anabaptists

  11. The Radical Reformation Anabaptist • Religious beliefs • Complete separation of Church and State • Munster, Germany • John Leiden • Menno Simons

  12. England’s Reformation

  13. England’s Reformation • Political not religious • King Henry & Catherine of Aragon • Pope Clement VI dependent upon H.R.E. • Anne Boleyn • Cardinal Wolsey • Thomas Cranmer & Thomas Cromwell • Creation of the Anglican Church

  14. King Henry’s Successors

  15. Calvin’s World in the 16c

  16. Calvinism • Takes over after the death of Huldrych Zwingli – Genevea, Switzerland • The Institute of Christian Religion • Major Beliefs • Omniscient – all knowing • Predestination – the Elect • The Consistory

  17. ProtestantChurchesinFrance(Late 16c)

  18. The Huguenots • Nobility conversion in France • Threat to National Unity • 1562 Bloody Civil War • 1572 St. Bartholomew’s Day Massacre • 1598 Edict of Nantes – King Henry IV (France)

  19. St Bartholomew’s Massacre

  20. Reformation Europe (Late 16c)

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