1. Bell Work 11/18/11 Name three text features we discussed yesterday. Explain what each feature is and why we use it.

2. Cause and Effect Relationships What? Why? How? A cause is an action or event that makes something else happen. An effect is the result of the cause. Cause and effect articles explain ·why or how one thing leads to another ·what happens as a result of a certain action or event

3. Cause and Effect Relationships Many cause-and-effect articles contain cause-and-effect clue words. Causes and effects are often signaled by transitions and other clue words and phrases such as: affect, because, consequently, effect, leads to, and results in

4. Examples: cause cause clue word effect Regular exercise and good eating habits result in better health. clue word cause effect One effect of going to loud concerts may be a ringing in your ears.

5. Even if there are no clue words in an article, you can still identify a cause-and-effect relationship. Ask: Is the author explaining why or how? If so, the author is helping you discover a cause. Is the author explaining the result of something? If so, the author is helping you see an effect.

6. effect cause The man got a ticket because he was speeding. Jason missed the swing because he didn’t keep his eye on the ball. Susan didn’t read the recipe carefully, and her cookies did not turn out as she had expected. Lightning hit the pine tree, causing it to fall on the road.

7. effect cause The referee called a penalty on the basketball player for traveling. Tsunamis are created when tectonic plates under the ocean shift, causing an underwater earthquake. The Stamp Act enraged the colonists and was one of the leading causes of the Revolutionary War. John attached a copper wire to each terminal of a battery and then to a light bulb. Due to the fact that copper is a conductor, the light bulb went on.

8. because the sidewalk was icy. because she studied very hard. because she didn’t do her homework. because he overslept. because of the rain. because the electricity went out. The girl had to miss recess Janice got an A on her science test The trip to the beach was cancelled The food in the refrigerator spoiled The girl fell The boy missed the bus

9. 1. Use your post-it notes to answer the questions on the article. Place the post-it where the question is. 2. Identify causes and effects in the article. 3. Cite evidence to support your answer.

10. Exit Slip 1. Write a weather-related cause-and-effect paragraph. For example, what is the effect of drought, floods, or tornadoes? 2. Write a paragraph explaining the effects of smoking. 3. Write a cause-and-effect paragraph about what happens when people don’t get enough sleep.

11. Many scientists believe that the extinction of the dinosaurs was caused by a large meteorite hitting the Earth millions of years ago. Tsunamis are created when tectonic plates under the ocean shift, causing an underwater earthquake. The Stamp Act enraged the colonists and was one of the leading causes of the Revolutionary War. John attached a copper wire to each terminal of a battery and then to a light bulb. Due to the fact that copper is a conductor, the light bulb went on. The wasteful energy use of many Americans has contributed to global warming. When water molecules come into contact with a heat source, they begin to move very quickly, causing the water to boil. The referee called a penalty on the basketball player for traveling. The Exxon Valdez oil spill had devastating long-term effects on the seal population in Alaska. The British placed taxes on goods to help pay for the French and Indian War. As a result, the colonists were unhappy and refused to pay the tax.

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