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Respiratory Physiology

Respiratory Physiology. Quiet inspiration/expiration. Forced requires accessory muscles. Torque as an example of an amphiarthroidal joint. Respiratory Rates. One Respiratory Cycle. Resting Tidal Volume. Ventilation. Diffusion. Perfusion. Perfusion. Surfactant.

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Respiratory Physiology

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  1. Respiratory Physiology Quiet inspiration/expiration Forced requires accessory muscles

  2. Torque as an example of an amphiarthroidal joint

  3. Respiratory Rates

  4. One Respiratory Cycle

  5. Resting Tidal Volume

  6. Ventilation

  7. Diffusion

  8. Perfusion

  9. Perfusion

  10. Surfactant • Protects the alveolus • Promotes air flow • Facilitates effort-free respiration

  11. Role of Surfactant • Lung Expansion=Overcoming resistance • Alveolar surface tension needs reduction • Surface Active Solution (Surfactant) solves the problem • Reduces the surface tension of alveoli • Keeps alveolar walls from collapsing • Keeps capillary fluid from invading lungs

  12. Measurement of Respiration Lung volumes and capacities Pressure: force of expiration Rate of flow: movement of air in and out of the lungs

  13. Respiratory Cycle quiet tidal respiration Breath Rates Adult: 12-18 per min Newborn: 40-70 per min

  14. Volume The Amount of Air in the Lungs

  15. Capacities Functional Use of Volumes

  16. Volumes and Capacities

  17. Respiratory Volumes

  18. Respiratory Pressures

  19. Volumes and Pressures

  20. Pressures of the Respiratory System • Intraoral: pressure measured within the mouth P m • Subglottic: pressure below vocal cords P s • Alveolar or Pulmonic: pressure at level of alveoli P al • Intraplural: pressure between the pleurae P pl

  21. Pressures Related to Atmospheric Pressure • P atm =760mm, or can be referred to as 0 • P atm = P m = P s = P al during open mouth quiet respiration • P pl is always negative

  22. Relationships of Pressures, Flows, and Volumes Contraction of the diaphragm causes a drop in intraplural and alveolar pressure which results in an increase in airflow and lung volume

  23. Relaxation Pressure Pressures generated by the passive forces of the respiratory system. Compression resulting from gravity, untorquing of the ribs, and elastic recoil of the alveoli

  24. Relaxation Pressure 38% of VC

  25. Muscular Activity, Aveolar Pressure and Lung Volume

  26. Loudness and Syllable Stress Requirements

  27. Position Requirements: What would change if you were lying down?

  28. Volume Requirements

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