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Chapter 7

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  1. Chapter 7 Movements Parties Interest Groups

  2. The Political System InputsOutputs Feedback loop • Government • Executive • Legislature • Judiciary Mass public Movements Interest groups Parties Media Adm. regulations Leg. statutes Court decisions

  3. Madison’s Assumptions • Human nature • Often flawed by self-interest, haste, passion, and short-sightedness • True of even the “best and the brightest” in both the mass public and the educated elites • Best approximation of the common good • Bargaining and compromise between competing interests • Rarely does one side have a monopoly on wisdom and virtue

  4. Enduring Questions • What are the differences between: • Political movements • Political parties • Political interest groups • What are the four types of political party systems in democracies around the world? • How have movements, parties, and interest groups varied over time and place?

  5. Definitions: • Political movements • Unorganized group of individuals sharing a common political interest or grievance • Political parties • Organized group working within government • Political interest groups • Organized group pressuring government from without

  6. Four Types of Political Party Systems in Democracies • Two-party 1 Presidential 2 Parliamentary • Multi-party 3 Presidential 4 Parliamentary

  7. Defining Features: Type of Government and Elections

  8. Defining Features: Type of Government and Elections

  9. Components of Political Parties • Party base • Individual identifiers • Interest groups • Party leaders • Within the party organization • Within government

  10. 7 Party Systems In U.S. History(p. 126)___________________________________ 1788 Founding 1824 Nation Building 1860 Civil War & Reconstruction 1896 Industrial Revolution 1932 New Deal 1968 De-alignment 2004 ??

  11. Interest Groups • Catalyst • Shared interest or grievance • Types • Grass roots (bottom up) • Astroturf (top down) • Proliferation • Across history in the U.S. • In other nations

  12. Recent changes inU.S. elections • Primary elections • GIS redistricting • Communications-media narrow-casting

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