Yesterday & this morning

1. Yesterday & this morning • Climate change regime • New financing instruments • Scientific knowledge base for action • Meteorological knowledge • Agricultural and agronomic knowledge • Modelling methods • Vulnerability assessment / mapping • Thematic applications • Drylands • Floodplains, coastal zones • Energy of the sun • Small island states • Drought prone areas

2. Mainstreaming climate change into development operations Asia and Pacific Division’s endeavours - an illustration for the discussion

3. Contextual considerations • Ongoing efforts • Expanding opportunities

4. Contextual considerations

5. PI mindset: mainstreaming • PI has no explicit climate change programme • Build capacity into existing processes • Every event has climate change agenda item • Need to know more … but action is urgent • Link of climate change and growth • China and India growth at centre of attention • Growth has reduced poverty • Poverty to be reduced by another 50% after 2015 • Nature of remaining poverty • Growth is crucial for poverty reduction (7-8%) • Agriculture and agricultural growth are crucial (3-4%) • Safety net - 1997 financial crisis • Productivity growth is stagnating • Yield gaps substantial • Clean growth … clean agricultural growth ? • resource conserving / regenerating growth • Energy: conservation, diversification, generation (biofuels)

6. Farmers are most adaptable part of system and respond to incentives • Public services slow to adjust • Private sector focussed on ST profitability • Risk and vulnerability increasing • Diversity of risks • Intensity, frequency … impact increasing • Farmers manage multiple actual risks • Climate change constitutes LT background • Farmers respond • Price transmission … • Reduced supply elasticity • sustainability of food production system • Vietnam: risk averseness

7. Large region, with wide diversity • Agro-ecological zones • Different risk profiles … also timeframe • Outlook for rural economic livelihoods • Scope for increased productivity, modernisation, increased competitiveness, commercialisation • Smaller sector … rural diversification, emigration • Agriculture: cause…victim… solution • New agriculture • resource awareness • Eastern Indonesia • New crops (old crops): wheat, maize, roots and tubers • Resource protection … (re)productive use • Viability outlook improved • Risk: food/rice self-sufficiency

8. Ongoing effortssee Newsletter February 2008

9. Analytical work • Manilla event on risk and vulnerabilty • Planned : Climate scoping of the portfolio • With GM and GECC • Capacity building dimension (local partners) • Adjust where necessary: Bangladesh • RB-COSOP • Vietnam with the GM • Adaptation strategies, mitigation strategies • Philippines – fragile coastal ecosystems • Grants programme: new issues, new players • RUPES • Mountain environments • Unfavourable rice environments

10. Investment programme design: mainstreaming climate change • Team member competencies • Design differently: BBB • Flexibility • Targeting: poverty-environment nexus • poor people, fragile areas • Technology choices: cropping systems, LEISA • Infrastructure design standards • Risk management strategy • Economic analysis • Safeguards: environmental assessments

11. Cooperation: internal and external • GM • CACILM • Central Asia subregional presence • GEF – PI/GECC supervision • China • Sri Lanka • ASEAN • Mongolia • WB • Kyrgyzstan – Carbon Sequestration

12. Expanding opportunities

13. Linking to NAPAs • NAPAs linked to other national strategies • Ministries of agriculture mobilised • Access to LDCF or SCCF • Vulnerability mapping: • WFP and FAO • WMO, University of Florence • Risk transfer mechanisms • IMI - China • Training • EC • WMO • UNITAR • REGIONAL EVENTS

14. Thank you for your attentionPlease send comments to:Thomas ElhautDirector, Asia and PacificIFADt.elhaut@ifad.org