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The American Revolution

The American Revolution. Causes of the American Revolution and their impact on Georgia; French and Indian War, Proclamation of 1763, Stamp Act, Intolerable Acts, and the Declaration of Independence

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The American Revolution

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  1. The American Revolution Causes of the American Revolution and their impact on Georgia; French and Indian War, Proclamation of 1763, Stamp Act, Intolerable Acts, and the Declaration of Independence Loyalists, Patriots, Elijah Clarke, Austin Dabney, Nancy Hart, Button Gwinnett, Lyman Hall, George Walton, Battle of Kettle Creek, and siege of Savannah Strengths and weaknesses of both the Georgia Constitution of 1777 and the Articles of Confederation and explain how weaknesses in the Articles of Confederation led to a need to revise the Articles. Describe the role of Georgia at the Constitutional Convention of 1787; include the role of Abraham Baldwin and William Few, and reasons why Georgia ratified the new constitution

  2. Causes of the American Revolution • Mercantile System: Forced colonies to trade with only England. Colonists wanted to grow the crops that they wanted to grow and trade with other countries beyond England. • French & Indian War: War leaves Britain with a large debt from defending the colonies. To help pay off the debt, Parliament passed tax laws that angered many American colonists. • Proclamation of 1763: Forbid settlers from moving past the Appalachian Mountains; reserved land for native Americans.

  3. Taxes • Sugar Act : Tax on sugar, molasses, coffee, indigo, and wine to raise money for Britain • Stamp Act: Required tax stamps on all printed items and documents. Colonists strongly opposed; groups begin to take action to show disagreement. • Quartering Act: Required colonists to house British soldiers and to provide certain supplied to soldiers • Townshend Acts :Taxes on imports such as glass, lead, paper, paint and tea

  4. Boston Massacre • ~1770 • British troops fired into a crowd of American colonists who were protesting. 5 Americans died and six were wounded. (one was Crispus Attucks, a former slave.)

  5. More Taxes • Tea Act ~1773: Tax on tea. Gave one British company the exclusive right to sell tea to America. • Boston Tea Party ~1773: Members of the Sons of Liberty dumped several shiploads of tea into the Boston harbor to protest the Tea Act. • “Intolerable Acts” (Coercive Acts) ~1774: Passed by Parliament as punishment for the Boston Tea Party 1 .Closed the port of Boston until the Tea was paid for. 2. Did not allow people of Mass. To elect their own officials or hold town meetings. 3. Required the people in all the colonies to feed and house British soldiers.

  6. Elijah Clarke • Lieutenant Colonel in the American Revolution. • Patriot • Led a force of Georgia patriots in an attack against British loyalists. • Patriots gained badly needed guns, ammunition and horses. • Victory at Kettle Creek won over many Georgians who had not chosen sides

  7. Austin Dabney • Mulatto boy born free.  • After he was wounded in the Battle of Kettle Creek, the Harris family cared for him. • Patriot • One of the only blacks to ever receive land from the State of GA in a lottery. • Also received pension from his military service.

  8. Nancy Hart • Resident of the backcountry.   • Patriot. • Tories barged in her cabin and demanded a meal. • Nancy Hart cooked for them, and while they were drinking, she stole their guns. • She then held the Tories hostage in her home; shooting two when they tried to take their guns back.

  9. Button Gwinnett • Represented Georgia in the signing of the Declaration of independence in 1776. • 1 of 3 signers of the Declaration of independence. • Died in a duel in Savannah in 1777. • Has a county named after him in GA.

  10. Lyman Hall & George Walton • Represented Georgia in the signing of the Declaration of independence in 1776. • 2 of 3 signers of the Declaration of independence. • Has a county named after them in GA.

  11. Siege of Savannah • Unsuccessful attempt by patriots to gain control of Savannah from the British. • 700 Patriots died; including Count Casmir Pulaski

  12. American Wins The War • Starting battle: Lexington • Ending battle: Yorktown • Washington: leader of the Continental Army • Now have to govern themselves.

  13. Articles of Confederation • 1781-1789 • State Governments most powerful • One Branch of Government: the Legislative – NO PRESIDENT • Unicameral Legislature (One House) where each state had ONE vote. • Weaknesses: • Could NOT tax • Could NOT enforce laws b/c no national court system. • No Navy or Army • Each State issued its own money • Similarities of Both • Each State put tariffs (taxes) on goods coming from other states (UNFAIR!)

  14. Constitution Convention • Held to revise the Articles of Confederation that were too weak. • Ended up writing a whole new Constitution. • William Few and Abraham Baldwin represented Georgia and signed the Constitution.

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