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Grammar Y our English. Grammar. Is the basic of English language Is the whole system and structure of a language or of languages in general. Basic must-know Grammar terms. Nouns Pronouns Adjectives Determiners Verbs Prepositions Conjunctions I nterjections Sentences Punctuations. Nouns.
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Grammar Is the basic of English language Is the whole system and structure of a language or of languages in general
Basic must-know Grammar terms NounsPronounsAdjectivesDeterminersVerbsPrepositionsConjunctionsInterjectionsSentencesPunctuations
Pronouns A word that takes place of a common noun or a proper noun There are different types of pronouns
Personal Pronoun • Words I, you, he, she, it, we and they are personal pronouns • Take place of nouns • Used as the subject of the verb in a sentence Example: • This is Anna. She is beautiful. • My name id Dodi. I am five years old. • I have a fish. It is called Nemo. • We are having pizza for dinner. • You are a good friend. • They are eating.
Wordsme, you, him, her, it, us and them are also personal nouns • Take place of nouns • Used as the object of the verb in a sentence Example: • Look at me. • Cyno is beautiful. Everyone adores her. • God is watching over us. • Give it to me. It is mine. • Pick up your toys and put them away.
Reflexive Pronouns • Words myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves and themselves are reflexive pronouns • Refer to the person or animal that is the subject of the verb Example: • I made this bracelet myself. • Her cat washes itself after each meal. • Baby turtles are too young to look after themselves. • Be careful. You’ll cut yourself. • He has hurt himself. • Come in children, and find yourselves a seat. • Ally is looking at herself in the mirror.
Interrogative Pronouns • Words who, whom, whose, what and which are called interrogative pronouns • Used to ask questions Example: • Who is she talking to? • Whom are you playing with? • Whose is this umbrella? • What are you talking about? • Which do you prefer?
Demonstrative Pronoun • Words this, these, that and those are called demonstrative pronoun • They are showing words Example: • This is my house. • These are sheep. • That is Lily and Marshall’s house. • What are those?
Adjectives A describing word Tells more about a noun Usually appears before the noun it describes Some adjectives describe the qualities of nouns, some tells you which place/country a person/things come from/belong to, some tells you the colour and size of thing. Numbers are also adjectives.
Examples of adjectives: • abusy street • alarge bed • The sea is rough. • Joan is very quiet today.
Adjective Endings • Adjective have different endings • Some end in –ful or –less, example : • homelesspeople • playful dogs • Some end in –y, -ive and –ing, example: • a dirty street • an attractive child • loving parents
Comparison of Adjectives • When you compare two people or things, use the comparative form of the adjective • Many of comparative adjectives in –er, example: • fast – faster • rich – richer
Determiners The Articles Demonstrative Determiners Interrogative Determiners Possessive Determiners
Indefinite Articles Do you wear a Uniform to school? Can you hear a bird singing? She eats an apple a day Definite Article The ice is melting. Tom has won the race..
This ice cream is delicious. Bring me that ball. I am keeping these books. I am selling those books.
What time is it? What color is her hair? Which school do you go? Whose footprints are these?
Is this your house? Michael is showing his tortoise to his friends. My sister lost her way in the city. The lion is chasing its prey. The children are buying the toys with their own pocket money.
Verbs Action Words Tell you what people, animals or things are doing. Bats sleep during the day. Most Children learn very fast. The earth goes around the sun.
Prepositions A word that connects one thing with another, showing how they are related. Some prepositions tell you about position or place: There’s a big ballooninthe sky. Jane is jumping into the pool The books fell off the shelf. Some prepositions are used to talk about time: Many shops close on Sundays. The trees lose their leaves during winter.
Conjunctions A linking word such as “and , or , but. Used to connect words or sentences. The animal is large but timid. Is this is a sheep or a goat. Its cold, wet and windy today
Before After As When While Until Since Maggie could play the Piano before she was five I’ve always brush my teeth After I’ve had my breakfast. Conjunctions of time After he began exercising regularly, Jerry became healthier You have grown taller Since I saw u last.
Interjections Word that expresses a sudden, strong feeling such as surprise, pain or pleasure.
Sentences A group of words that expresses a complete thought. A sentence must have a subject and a verb. It may or may not have an object. Subject Sara The hedgehog We Object a doll our dinner. Verb is making curled up re eating
Kinds of Sentences. Richard is feeding the hens A declarative sentence makes a statement An interrogative sentence asks a question. An exclamatory sentence expresses strong emotion. An imperative sentence gives an order. What is Richard doing? What lovely weather! Come back!
Punctuations Periods Commas Question marks Exclamation point Apostrophe You put a period at the end of the sentence Use a comma between nouns and noun phrases in a list Use a question mark after a question. Sit down! Often used after a command, an interjection, or a word that shows surprise or anger. Used when an S (‘s) to show who owns something. The (‘s) added after singular nouns or names A squirrel’s tail is big
