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Atomic Structure Review

Atomic Structure Review. Have a Periodic Table & a calculator per group!. The number 14 in the name Carbon-14 represents:. The mass number. True or False: The nucleus of the atom is very dense. true. convert 2.75g Al to moles of Al. 2.75 g Al 1 mol Al

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Atomic Structure Review

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  1. Atomic Structure Review Have a Periodic Table & a calculator per group!

  2. The number 14 in the name Carbon-14 represents: • The mass number

  3. True or False: The nucleus of the atom is very dense • true

  4. convert 2.75g Al to moles of Al 2.75 g Al 1 mol Al 27 g Al = 0.102 mol Al

  5. How many Al atoms are in 26.982 g of Al? • 6.02X1023 Al atoms

  6. What subatomic particles are located in the nucleus? • Protons & neutrons

  7. What is the name of Rutherford’s Model? • The Nuclear Model

  8. Alpha particles have a _________ charge. • positive

  9. What model is pictured below? • The Plum Pudding Model

  10. convert 0.75 mols Na to atoms of Na 0.75 mol Na 6.02x1023 atoms Na 1 mol Na = 4.5x1023mol Na

  11. Which has more mass, a proton or an electron? • proton

  12. Molar mass is measured in ________. Hint: what is the unit? • grams

  13. atomic mass is measured in ________. Hint: what is the unit? • amu (atomic mass unit)

  14. convert 2.5x1015 atoms of Au to moles of Au 2.5x1015atoms of Au 1 mol Au 6.02x1023atoms Au = 4.0x10-9mol Au

  15. What subatomic particles are different in isotopes? • Neutrons

  16. Who used a cathode ray during his experiments? • J.J. Thomson

  17. Who used gold foil & alpha particles during his experiment? • Ernest Rutherford

  18. Who is known as the Father of the Modern atomic theory? • John Dalton

  19. What is the name of Thomson’s model of the atom? • Plum Pudding Model

  20. List 2 of the 5 statements that sum up Dalton’s atomic theory. • All matter is composed of atoms • Atoms can’t be divided, created or destroyed • Atoms of different elements combine in simple whole-number ratios to form compounds • Atoms are identical in mass • Atoms can be combined, separated or rearranged

  21. Is modern atomic theory the same as Dalton’s atomic theory? • NO!!

  22. List 1 modification to Dalton’s atomic theory. • Atoms of the same element can have different masses –isotopes • Atoms are divisible – Nuclear chem. • Atoms can be changed from one element to another- Nuclear chem.

  23. Who discovered the neutron? • James Chadwick

  24. Who discovered electrons? • J.J. Thomson

  25. A _________explains observations and predicts new observations • Theory

  26. What did Thomson use to discover electrons? • Cathode Ray Tube

  27. How many electrons does Oxygen have? • 8

  28. The sum of protons and neutrons in an atom equals the ____________ • Mass Number

  29. Describe Thomson’s model of the atom? • Consisted of a cloud of evenly distributed positive charge with the negative electrons embedded randomly in it.

  30. What is the conversion factor between moles and grams? • one mole = molar mass

  31. What is the name of Thomson’s model of the atom? • The Plum Pudding Model

  32. What is the nuclear symbol notation for the following?: atomic number = 26; mass number = 56 • 56 Fe 26

  33. convert 0.25 moles of Pb to grams of Pb 0.25 molPb 207 g Pb 1 molPb = 51.75 g Pb

  34. How did cathode rays behave near positively charged objects? • Cathode rays were attracted to the positive charge

  35. What did these observations suggest about cathode rays: Cathode rays were attracted to the positively charged end of a magnet? • Cathode rays have a NEGATIVE charge

  36. What are cathode rays? • beam of electrons

  37. How many protons does Nitrogen have? • 7

  38. Who was the first person to come up with the idea of an atom? • Democritus

  39. During the gold foil experiment some alpha particles (positively charged) passed through the gold foil. What did this suggest? • Atoms are mostly empty space

  40. During the gold foil experiment some alpha particles (positively charged) bounced back toward the main source. What did this suggest? • the atom has a small dense positive region that caused the positive particles to bounce back…..the nucleus

  41. What is the difference between an atom and an element? • An atom makes up an element. • An element can’t be broken down.

  42. Protons have a ______ charge • positive

  43. What is the conversion factor between moles and atoms? • one mole = 6.02 X 1023 atoms

  44. Neutrons have a ______charge • neutral

  45. The si unit for an amount of a substance is the _____ • MOLE!!

  46. A _________ makes generalizations and does not explain observations • Scientific Law

  47. What did Ernest Rutherford discover? • NUCLEUS

  48. Rutherford’s model of the atom is called the “Nuclear Model”. Describe this model. • Suggested that the electrons travel around the positively charged nucleus. • Difference is that the positive charges are NOT spread out like in Thomson’s Plum Pudding Model.

  49. Isotopes are atoms of the same element that have different numbers of _________ • NEUTRONS!

  50. How are Atoms electrically neutral? • The number of protons and electrons are the same!

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