1. The Chaparral Biome(the smallest biome) By Arielle Feldshon And JJ Hauser

2. Latitude • Chaparrals can be found from 30° to 50° N and 30° to 40° S latitudes

3. California

4. South America

5. South Africa

6. Australia

7. Mediterranean… GREECE!

8. Temperature • Average annual temperature is 59 ° F. Lowest – Highest Temps = 37°F - 91°F • Winter - 46°F • Summer - 71°F • Spring- 56°F • Fall - 65°F

9. Seasons • Winter • It has cool and moist winters with tropical storms bringing lots of rain. • Summer • The chaparral has significantly hot and dry summers. Fog off the ocean is the only source of moisture during the summer. • Spring/Fall • Spring and fall are usually a mix between both summer and winter, with a moderate amount of rain and heat.

10. Typical Plants • Most of the plants have… • Small, hard leaves which hold moisture. • Adapted even to the fires • Seeds lie dormant until there is a fire. • Seed casings crack and the seed will sprout only then. • Hairy leaves • so they can collect the moisture out of the air and use it • Examples: • poison oak, scrub oak, • Yucca Wiple Cacti. oaks, chamiso • shrubs, pines, cork and olive trees

11. Typical Animals • The animals are all mainly grassland and desert types adapted to hot, dry weather. • Coyotes • Jack rabbits • Mule deer • Alligator lizards • Horned toads • Praying mantis • Honey bee • Ladybugs

12. Average Rainfall • Only 10-17 inches of rain all year. Most in winter. • Averages • winter - 6.8 inches. • spring - 2.2 inches. • summer - .2 inches. • fall - 4.2 inches. • Many fires in the chaparral because of the heat and dryness.

13. Human Impact • California • Santa Barbara = Chaparral. • Natural and human Fire Concerns • There are many endangered and sensitive species living in this region. • Surrounding Santa Barbara, 2 National Parks to help protect the important chaparral habitat.

14. Future • Expected proportional change in biodiversity by 2100 • Temps expected to rise by 3.6 F • Plants already showing signs of stress • Leaves shriveling

15. Bibliography • GENERALBIOME INFORMATIONBlue Planet Biomes – Chaparral: www.blueplanetbiomes.org/chaparral.htm • Mediterranean Shrublands: www.runet.edu/~swoodwar/CLASSES/GEOG235/biomes/medit/medit.html • CALIFORNIA CHAPARRAL WWF Ecoregions - Mediterranean Forests, Woodlands, & Shrub: www.worldwildlife.org/wildworld/profiles/g200/g121.html • California Native Plant Society Kids Page - Chaparral and Fire: www.cnps.org/programs/education/chaparral.htm • Southern California Chaparral Field Institute:www.californiachaparral.com • From the Desert to the Sea - Major Habitats of Southern California:www.lalc.k12.ca.us/uclasp/local_habitats/habitats/chaparral.html • Food Chains and Webs:www.lalc.k12.ca.us/uclasp/urban_science/food_chains/breeding.htm • SOUTH AFRICAN FYNBOSWCSN Fynbos Ecology: www.wcape.school.za/subject/biology/fynbos/index.htm • Cape West Coast Ecology: www.capewestcoast.org/RegionalInfo/EcologyMain.htm • AUSTRALIAN MALLEEUnique Australian Animals: australian-animals.net/mallee.htmCHILEAN MATORRALWWF - Chilean Matorral: www.worldwildlife.org/wildworld/profiles/g200/g122.html