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Community Mapping in Indonesia

Community Mapping in Indonesia. Experience and Reflections by JKPP . By Kasmita Widodo Jaringan Kerja Pemetaan Partisipatif (JKPP) ( Indonesian Community Mapping Network ). JKPP History.

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Community Mapping in Indonesia

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  1. Community Mapping in Indonesia Experience and Reflections by JKPP By Kasmita Widodo Jaringan Kerja Pemetaan Partisipatif (JKPP) (Indonesian Community Mapping Network)

  2. JKPP History • In 1990s, the width of community-base natural resource management issue in the world, including in Indonesia. • Starting the workshop on “community mapping” in Philippines in 1995. • The participants from Indonesia discuss and hold the workshop on “community mapping” and the birth of Indonesian Community Mapping Network (Jaringan Kerja Pemetaan Partisipatif) in 1996, in Bogor, West Java. • Community mapping has been used by the conservation institutions, the pressing is still on the spatial information collection from the community, but the community has not become the mapping subject.

  3. Paradigm Journey • JKPP puts the community as the key organizer of the mapping implementation, starting from the planning until the map is used. • Map, which is made, is “counter map” of the map made by the state (government). As the counter map, the mapping movement does not push the government to adopt this method. What is important is that the community is able to map its area and use the map for various needs, including the negotiation with other parties.

  4. Expansion Strategy; scope and actor • Increase of actor capacity and mapping facilitator; training of facilitator (TOF), training of trainer (TOT), apprentice. It is conducted almost in all regions (Sumatra, Kalimantan, Java, Sulawesi, and so on), for land and sea issues. • Community mapping is used by NGO (mainly members of JKPP) as one of important tools in conducting the organizing in the community. • Many indigenous peoples and local community require the community mapping facility service, mainly because of many natural resource management case/conflict by government (conservation area), private (plantation, mining, forestry)

  5. Community Mapping ProcessCHEAP & QUICK

  6. Note : • A, F and J as center for training community mapping • If community mapping & training hold in A Village, community from A Village invite some peoples from B, C, D and E discuss and follow the process of community mapping. All facilitator community mapping from NGO. • When there are survey, especially about village border, they are discuss and clarification about the border. • When community mapping hold in B Village; border A and B Village do not clarifiacation again, facilitator community mapping from NGO and people from A Village (as co facilitator). • And When community mapping hold in C Village, all facilitator from A Village and B Village. Facilitator from NGO as assistant for the process.

  7. Community Mapping Methodology Development • Sketch map • Mapping using Compass and topography map • Mapping using Compass, GPS and topography map, and GIS application, mainly for the relatively broad area. • Multistakeholder mapping, involving many parties (government, university, NGO). Covering the district area. Using the landsat image map/ satellite image (ex. Ikonos, Spot), and GIS application.

  8. COMMUNITYMAPPINGIN KRUENG RAYA AND LAMNGA MUKIM,MESJID RAYA SUB-DISTRICT-ACEH BESAR Community Maps Overlay with Topography Map

  9. Reflections after 10 year • Positive • The increase of community awareness on rights on regional land and natural resource owned. • Map is used as a negotiating tool. • The community mapping process grows spirit to delve local knowledge, history, traditional institutional system, arrangement and natural resource management. • Networking with local and national institutions. • More than 2 million hectare community map in Indonesia (biggest in West Kalimantan)

  10. Coverage of Community Mappingin Indonesia (2006) Total area : 2.218.206,62 Ha

  11. Reflection after 10 year • Negative • Mapping expansion but empowerment after the mapping is lack conducted • In some places, only village elite has the community mapping • There is institutional internal conflict in the village • Map/mapping becomes objective • Community mapping orientation as project

  12. Community Mapping in the Future • Cultural, for the community can reclaim, maintain, and restore the customary area, mainly customary land and forest. • Maintaining the community mapping as the organizing tool for expressing the collective actions in maintaining customary land and forest • Restoring the community mapping as planning tool, implementation and monitoring for restoring the customary land and forest which is damaged

  13. Politic and Policy, for respecting and protecting toward the customary /local area and controlling the political space by the people. • Mapping as the tool for developing based on mass (constituent) • Mapping and planning the customary / local area to push the spatial planning change in district/province.

  14. Community Mapping & Village Planning

  15. Boundary Village Planning Process Landuse (Settlement, rice field, plantation, savana) Community Mapping Public Facilities History of place Infrastructure; road, irrigation, electricity, water & sanitation Document of Village Planning Vision of Village Village Planning GIS, Social, Economic Analysis Natural Resouces RRA Human Resources Economic Resources Callendar of Vilage Objective History of village Institutional Stakeholder analysis

  16. COMMUNITY MAPPING & PARTICIPATORY PLANNING SCENARIO CONSOLIDATION IMPLEMENTATION UP-SCALING POLICY DIALOGUE (LOCAL GOV, BPN, PRIVATE SECTOR) STAKEHOLDER AGENDA RRA/PAR Recognition PARTICIPATORY PLANNING IMPLEMENTATION OF PLANNING UP-SCALING Community Mapping COMMUNITY ORGANIZING FACILITATING /SERVICES COMMUNITY ORGANIZING JKPP AND PARTNERS TEAM WORK (COLLABORATION)

  17. JKPP Strategy to the Future • Community mapping becomes the basis for participatory planning. • Influencing the spatial planning policy in sub-district, district (on going process in Sekadau District supporting by ILC) and province levels, through the alternative spatial planning based community map and the community planning. • Internally strengthening and consolidating the community mapping facilitator cadres for increasing the mapping service to the community.

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