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Chapter 9

Chapter 9. Lecture Focus Questions. #1: How did the New Deal attempt to address the problems of the Great Depression? #2: Did the growth in the powers of the federal government during the New Deal benefit the nation? Explain your answer. First Hundred Days.

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Chapter 9

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  1. Chapter 9

  2. Lecture Focus Questions • #1: How did the New Deal attempt to address the problems of the Great Depression? • #2: Did the growth in the powers of the federal government during the New Deal benefit the nation? Explain your answer.

  3. First Hundred Days • FDR immediately aimed to restore hope and the economy • Fireside chats • Instant action within the First Hundred Days • New Deal: FDR’s relief, recovery and reform programs aimed at fighting the G.D.

  4. Alphabet Soup • Bank Holiday:inspect banks’ financial health • Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC):insured bank deposits up to $5,000 • Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC):regulated the stock market and made it safe for investors • Public works programs:govt-funded projects to build public facilities • National Recovery Administration: developed codes that were intended to govern whole industries • Established a minimum wage • Established minimum prices for the goods that businesses sold

  5. More Alphabet Soup • Agricultural Adjustment Bureau:paid farmers subsidies to not plant part of their land in order to raise crop value/prices • Tennessee Valley Authority:built dams to control floods and generate electricity • Civilian Conservation Corps: provided jobs, replanted forests, built trails, dug irrigation ditches, fought fires

  6. ELEANOR & FDR FIRESIDE CHATS

  7. A Second New Deal • Second New Deal → Second 100 Days • Rural Electrification Administration: brought electricity to rural areas • Wagner Act:legalized union membership, collective bargaining and closed shops • Social Security Act: • Old-age pensions/survivors’ benefits • Unemployment insurance • Aid for dependent children, the blind and disabled

  8. New Deal does too much Govt too powerful New Deal doesn’t do enough Too much attention paid to banks and business Demagogues:leaders who manipulate people with half-truths and scare tactics Father Coughlin: communists in charge! Huey Long: “Share Our Wealth” program Critics

  9. Supreme Court opposed the New Deal President has no power to regulate inter-state commerce Court Packing:FDR attempted to appoint 6 new Justices sympathetic to his New Deal FDR & the Supreme Court

  10. Women of the New Deal • Eleanor Roosevelt • Defied tradition by aggressively promoting the New Deal • Mary McLeod Bethune • Organized the unofficial “black cabinet” • Francis Perkins • First woman appointed Sec. of Labor • Dorothea Lange • Photographs helped win aid for migrant workers

  11. DOROTHEA LANGE MIGRANT MOTHER

  12. Not a Miracle Cure • Recession of 1937 • Rising national debt • Labor Unions → rise in membership and power • Sit-down strikes • Discrimination in New Deal programs • New Deal only provided temporary relief

  13. New Deal Legacies • Public works projects still visible • Bridges, dams, hospitals, parks • Social Security • Legacy of hope • Legacy of debt ($17, 336, 887, 155, 959) through deficit spending (www.usdebtclock.org) • Deficit spending:spending more money than you are taking in • Legacy of government involvement in the lives of average citizens

  14. Lecture Focus Questions • #1: How did the New Deal attempt to address the problems of the Great Depression? • #2: Did the growth in the powers of the federal government during the New Deal benefit the nation? Explain your answer.

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