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Work Packages: 1. Technologies (combination of CSP and desalting technologies) 2. Water and Solar Energy Resources 3. D

Work Packages: 1. Technologies (combination of CSP and desalting technologies) 2. Water and Solar Energy Resources 3. Demand Side Scenario 4. CSP Market Potential 2000-2050 5. Socio-Economic Impacts 6. Environmental Impacts 7. Literature. WP 6: Environmental Impacts

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Work Packages: 1. Technologies (combination of CSP and desalting technologies) 2. Water and Solar Energy Resources 3. D

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  1. Work Packages: 1. Technologies (combination of CSP and desalting technologies) 2. Water and Solar Energy Resources 3. Demand Side Scenario 4. CSP Market Potential 2000-2050 5. Socio-Economic Impacts 6. Environmental Impacts 7. Literature

  2. WP 6: Environmental Impacts Impacts of Conventional Desalination • Seawater intake for desalination and for the cooling system may cause impingement and entrainment of organisms, • airborne emissions of pollutants and carbon dioxide are caused by the generation of electricity and heat required to power the desalination plants, • chemical additives and biocides used to avoid fouling, foaming, corrosion and scaling of the desalination plants may finally appear in the brine, • discharge of hot brine with high salt concentration to the sea may affect local species.

  3. WP 6: Environmental Impacts Impacts of Multi-Effect-Desalination

  4. WP 6: Environmental Impacts Impacts of Conventional Reverse Osmosis

  5. WP 6: Environmental Impacts Systems compared by Life Cycle Assessment

  6. WP 6: Environmental Impacts Life Cycle Assessment of Emissions

  7. WP 6: Environmental Impacts Life Cycle Emissions compared to CC/RO Combined Cycle / Reverse Osmosis = 100 %

  8. WP 6: Environmental Impacts CSP/RO

  9. WP 6: Environmental Impacts MENA Electricity Mix / RO

  10. WP 6: Environmental Impacts CSP/MED

  11. WP 6: Environmental Impacts Gas-Fired CHP / MED

  12. WP 6: Environmental Impacts Horizontal Drain Intake Single horizontal drain (left) and fan of horizontal drains in the sea bed /Peters et al. 2007/

  13. WP 6: Environmental Impacts Nano-Filtration Nano-Filtration: + 300 – 350 $/m³/d + 10 – 15 ct/m³ + 1 – 1.2 kWh/m³

  14. WP 6: Environmental Impacts Advanced CSP/MED + 20 - 30 % Investment + 20 - 30 % Energy – 95 - 99 % Additives

  15. WP 6: Environmental Impacts Advanced CSP/RO + 20 - 30 % Investment + 20 - 30 % Energy – 95 - 99 % Additives

  16. Conventional Desalination Plant Power Plant Heat / Power Screening,Filtration Desalination Plant DirectDischarge Tunel Intake Anti-Scaling Anti-FoamingAnti-Corrosion Desinfection

  17. Advanced CSP-Desalination Plant Concentrating Solar Collector & Storage Power Plant Heat / Power Nano-Filtration Desalination Plant Horizontal Drain Discharge Horizontal Drain Intake

  18. WP 6: Environmental Impacts Impact on Global Warming

  19. WP 6: Environmental Impacts Impact of broad Dissemination in MENA

  20. WP 6: Environmental Impacts Conclusions • Large scale conventional seawater desalination would create significant environmental impacts • CSP can reduce energy related emissions to few percent • Beachwell or horizontal drain intake and nano-filtration can reduce additives • Horizontal drain intake can reduce impingement and entrainment and horizontal drain discharge can avoid concentration of heat and salt  Advanced CSP seawater desalination can be compatible with the environment

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