1 / 21

Forming & Using New Memories

This overview of memory processes explores key concepts including encoding, storage, and retrieval systems. It highlights the differences between sensory memory, short-term memory, and long-term memory. Key experiments, like the serial position curve and Sternberg's retrieval tasks, illustrate how information is retained and forgotten. Neurological studies shed light on phenomena such as anterograde and retrograde amnesia, enhancing our understanding of memory functioning. This model provides a framework for comprehending the complexities of memory storage and recall dynamics.

melinda-oliver
Télécharger la présentation

Forming & Using New Memories

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Forming & Using New Memories

  2. Basic Terminology • Encoding • Storage • Forgetting

  3. Figure 4-1 (p. 132)The model view of memory. Each box depicts a memory storage system. The arrows represent the transfer of information between systems.

  4. Recency effect Primacy effect Figure 4-2 (p. 132)Word list for a serial position curve experiment (A); typical results (B). Free-Recall Experiments

  5. Sensory Memory • Icon (visual) • Experiment: partial-report technique R S K L P E C Q G T B M

  6. Sensory Memory • Echo (auditory) • Similar to icon, BUT: • Recall can be cued by category • Echoes hava a larger capacity? • Echoes can last longer (up to 20 secs)

  7. Summary of Sensory Memory • Sensory memories • are modality specific • have relatively large capacity (although short storage time) • are relatively unprocessed (mostly physical, not meaningful, aspects)

  8. Short-Term Memory vs. Long-Term Memory • Time info stored • Capacity • Coding (form of storage) • Ways info retained or forgotten • Ways info retrieved

  9. Short-Term Memory • Capacity • Miller’s “7 (plus or minus 2)” • Chunking M T V C B S F B I N F L

  10. P ? F Short-Term Memory • Coding B

  11. Short-Term Memory • Forgetting • Retention duration • Memory trace • Is forgetting caused by decay or interference? • Peterson-Brown task • The challenge • Probe-digit task

  12. Short-Term Memory • Retrieval • How do we find information stored in memory? • Sternburg’s experiment

  13. A H D E L Sternburg experiment Predictions Step 1 Parallel search Step 2 A H D E L D D?

  14. A H D E L Sternburg experiment Predictions Step 1 A D? H Step 2 D D Serial serach

  15. A D? Sternburg experiment Predictions Self-terminating search Exhaustive search Serial serach

  16. Short-Term Memory • Retrieval • How do we find information stored in memory? • Serial search or parallel search? • Types of serial searches • Self-terminating search • Exhaustive search • Winner? Serial, exhaustive search

  17. Working Memory Working Memory Central executive Visuospatial Sketch pad Phonological loop

  18. Neurological Studies H.M. case

  19. Neurological Studies • Anterograde amnesia • Retrograde amnesia

  20. Figure 4-11 (p. 156)The filled circles designate activations in the verbal task, and the squares indicate activations in the spatial task.

  21. Outline • Basic terminology • Modal view of memory • Free-recall experiments • Sensory memory • Working memory • Neurological studies

More Related