1. THE SOVIET UNION Chapter 29 Section 4

2. What did Lenin accomplish?(Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov) • Nationalization – all major industries under state control • NEP • Some private businesses allowed to operate • Name changed - U.S.S.R. • Social Classes - Communist party bosses at top • Republics - Each nationality given it’s own republic but controlled by central govt. in Moscow Lenin dies of a stroke At 54yrs old in 1922

3. Who was Leon Trotsky? • Leader of the Red Army • 2nd most important person in Communist Party • Lost power struggle with Stalin to control the Party • Exiled and eventually assassinated in Mexico City with an ice pick

4. How did STALIN gain power? • General Secretary of Communist Party with power to remove/appt. officials • Removed supporters of Trotsky • Communist Party voted him as leader • Trotsky exiled and killed on Stalin’s orders

5. What was Stalin’s Five Year Plan? • Set Russia’s economic goals for 5 years • Focus on industrializing heavy industry and increasing agricultural output • Heavy Industry = steel production, large-scale manufacturing • Few consumer goods produced • Agriculture = collectivized farms “We will turn the Five year plan into a four year one”

6. What is a collective farm? • Peasants work land owned by the Government • Produced food for Soviet people and to export • Exports would pay for industrialization without having to borrow $ from west • Kulak’s - prosperous anti-communist peasants opposed collectivization

7. What was the“terror famine”? • Stalin used starvation to destroy the opposition • Kulaks • anti-Communist in the Ukraine

8. What were the Results of the 5 Year Plan? • Soviet Union became an industrial power • Workers received low wages or none at all • Food was in limited supply • Collective farms unable to produce enough food • Millions died

9. What was life like under Stalin’s Dictatorship? • One of most brutal dictator’s in the world • Ruled through terror • Secret Police created climate of fear

10. What were the Purges? • Stalin’s elimination of his political rivals during the 1930’s • Millions expelled, arrested, put in labor camps or shot

11. Formative 1. Which of the following describes Stalin’s 5 year plan? • A plan to kill all of Stalin’s political opponents • A plan to increase industrial and agricultural productivity in the USSR • A plan to spread communism around the world • A plan to attack the western European nations • What were the purges? • Stalin’s attacks against Kulak’s • Stalin purging the USSR of capitalism and the NEP • Stalin’s removal of any position that could threaten his leadership • Stalin’s removal of all artistic and cultural activities