Digital Video Production Camera Shots

1. Digital Video ProductionCamera Shots

2. Camera Shots There are three basic camera shots: Long Shot Medium Shot Close Up Shot

3. Long Shot - LS

4. Long Shot - LS • Also known as the Establishing Shot or Wide Shot • Shows the whole scene • Frequently productions begin with a LS

5. Long Shot - LS • It sets the stage/scene - the viewer knows where she or he is • LS works well if there's a lot of action • LS shows a person from head to toe.

6. Medium Shot - MS

7. Medium Shot - MS • MS shows less of the scene then LS • The camera seems closer to the subject (although it may not be if you use your zoom lens) • MS shows them from about the waist up in a medium shot

8. Medium Shot - MS • Use MS when you want a closer look at your subject • Use MS to transition between long shots and close up shots • It is difficult for the viewer to follow what you are doing if you go straight from a LS to a CU shot

9. Close Up Shot - CU

10. Close Up Shot - CU • This shot shows just the head • CU is used to reveal details and focus the viewer attention • Extra consideration is needed for the framing of a CU because any camera movement is exaggerated

11. Other Camera Shots Other camera shots include: Extreme Close Up Shot Extreme Long Shot Over the Shoulder Shot Cut Away Shot Two/Three Shot

12. Extreme Close Up Shot - ECU

13. Extreme Close Up Shot - ECU • ECS is sometimes referred to as XCU • Closer than to the subject than CU • ECU is just of the person's eyes

14. Extreme Long Shot - ELS

15. Extreme Long Shot - ELS • ELS is sometimes referred to as XLS • ELS shows a large view that includes that subject from a distance • ELS is relative to what is considered a LS

16. Over the Shoulder Shot - OS • OS is commonly used in ENG – Electric News Gathering • Videographer is literally shooting over the shoulder of the person being interviewed • Usually a shot of the interviewer listening, nodding, or responding to the interviewee

17. Cut Away Shot - CA • CA is usually a CU or XCU that reveals some detail – as the telephone rings during a MS scene the shot changes to a CA of the telephone • A very useful shot that provides a natural transition in the editing process

18. Two/Three Shot - TS • TS a two shot has two people or three people in the frame • Usually a MS or LS because you need some distance from the people to get them all in the frame

19. Shot Angles There are three basic shot angles: Eye Level Low Angle High Angle

20. Shot Angles • Your shot angle is the level from which you look at your subject. • Your shot angle can change the way the viewer responds to the scene – consider the response to someone speaking to you at eye level to that of speaking to you from above.

21. Eye Level Angle - EL

22. Eye Level Angle - EL • The most common used shots is the eye level shot • It's the most familiar perspective - we usually see things from our own eye level • Make sure you shoot at their eye-level, not yours

23. Low Angle - LA

24. Low Angle - LA • In this shot the camera looks up at the subject • Making it seem important, powerful, or perhaps larger than it is to the viewer

25. High Angle - HA

26. High Angle - HA • Camera looks down on the subject, decreasing its importance • The subject looks smaller • It often gives the audience a sense of power, or the subject a sense of helplessness

27. Other Shot Angles Other shot angles include: Birds Eye Angle Reverse Angle Point of View Angle

28. Bird’s Eye Angle - BE • Camera is mounted on a crane or ladder • This is an extreme angle the point of view from above • This angle is often used in car chases and in the “happy ever after” fade out

29. Reverse Angle - RA • A reverse angel is determined by the framing of the previous shot • A reverse is used to shoot two people facing each other cutting from one person to another

30. Point of View - POV • This camera angle shows a specific POV so the audience has the perspective of seeing through someone else’s eyes • This shot has become very popular in recent years and often shows unique POVs – security cameras, animals, aliens etc…

31. Shot Movements • There are six moves: • Pan • Tilt • Zoom • Dolly • Truck • Arc

32. Pan Shot • A pan shot taken by moving the camera on across a horizontal plane • Used in action and sports shots • This shot emphasizes action and physical movement

33. Tilt Shot • The camera moves up or down a vertical plane • A tilt can be used to shot something that is too big to fit within frame • This shot emphasizes size and proportion

34. Pan and Tilt Shot • The pan and tilt are most effective when combined with the tripod • These shots can be successfully achieve hand held with practice

35. Zoom Shot • This shot moves the audience closer into the subject • The camera remains stationary and the focal length of the lens is pulled • A reverse zoom moves out from the subject • The zoom shot focuses the viewers attention, while the reverse is used to transition out

36. Zoom Shot • Zoom shots work successfully when the movement is smooth and steady • Most cameras have external toggles for zoom controls

37. Dolly Shot • A Dolly shot shot moves towards or away from the subject • The camera is physically moved not changing of the focal length of the lens • Dolly in moves towards the subject • Dolly out moves away from the subject

38. Dolly Shot • A Dolly also refers to a camera mount with wheels • Some dollies move along tracks • Storyboarding is necessary to achieve this shot Dolly in Dolly Out

39. The camera physically follows the subject matter left to right or right to left Used in walking shots to follow the subject The camera is usually on a dolly and in large budget productions has tracks Truck Shot

40. This movement is called trucking Truck Shot

41. Arc Shot • The subject stays stationary in the centre while the camera moves around in an arc left or right • A continuous arc makes a complete circle around the subject. • This shot is often used in music videos and romantic scenes

42. Arc Shot

43. Shot Movements • Rapid pans, tilts, repeated zooms can make your audience feel motion sick • The standard shot rule is stationary – motion – stationary • If you edit or cut away in the middle of movement, you may make your viewer disoriented

44. Shot Movements • There are five basic ways to achieve shot and camera movement: • Hand held • Camera Lens • Tripod • Dolly • Steadicam

45. Shot Lengths • The length each shot depends on the scene and what you want to accomplish • An action shot may last 20 sec • A still shot may only last 3 sec • Your goal is to gain and hold the audience's attention and understanding

46. Review • Camera Shots • Camera Angles • Camera Movements • Camera Supports

47. Camera Shots There are three basic camera shots: Long Shot Medium Shot Close Up Shot

48. Other Camera Shots Other camera shots include: Extreme Close Up Shot Extreme Long Shot Over the Shoulder Shot Cut Away Shot Two/Three Shot

49. Shot Angles There are three basic shot angles: Eye Level Low Angle High Angle

50. Other Shot Angles Other shot angles include: Birds Eye Angle Reverse Angle Point of View Angle