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Chapter 1 delves into amino acids, the fundamental components of proteins, highlighting their structure, properties, and roles in the genetic code. With 20 standard amino acids, each featuring an amino and carboxyl group, the chapter explains the significance of the alpha-carbon and the formation of peptide bonds. It also discusses the importance of pH in determining the ionization state of amino acids. This foundational knowledge sets the stage for understanding protein synthesis and function in living organisms.
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