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Single Displacement

Single Displacement. A reaction where an element and compound react Forms a new element and a new compound Ex: Mg + 2 HCl  MgCl 2 + H 2 The element reacting will generally displace the element of the same type of element from the compound. Three Types of Single Displacements.

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Single Displacement

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  1. Single Displacement

  2. A reaction where an element and compound react • Forms a new element and a new compound • Ex: Mg + 2 HCl  MgCl2 + H2 • The element reacting will generally displace the element of the same type of element from the compound

  3. Three Types of Single Displacements • A metal displaces another metal from an ionic compound • Ex: Cu(s) + 2AgNO3 Cu(NO3)2 + 2Ag(s) • A non-metal displaces another non-metal from an ionic compound • Ex: Cl2(g) + 2NaBr(aq) 2NaCl(aq) + Br2(l)

  4. 3. A metal displacing hydrogen from water • Most metals are able to displace H from H2O • If this happens, it created H2 gas and a basic solution • Ex: 2 Na + 2 H2O  2 NaOH + H2

  5. In order to predict IF a reaction will occur, use the Activity Series • This is a list of what is more reactive than what • More specifically, it is a list of what tends to lose electrons easily or not at all • Note – hydrogen is part of this series because it can donate electrons like a metal

  6. If the metal is above the metal in the compound, the reaction will occur • If the metal is below the metal in the compound, the reaction will not proceed spontaneously

  7. Examples • Ca(s) + FeCl2 • Fe(s) + LiSO4 

  8. There is a separate list for non-metals

  9. Applications of the Activity Series • Choosing Metals for pipes and construction • Modern houses use copper in pipes (resistant to corrosion) compared to older pipes that have steel pipes with zinc and iron (more reactive) • Thermite Reaction: • Used in welding • Fe2O3(s) + 2Al(s)  Al2O3(s) + 2Fe(l)

  10. http://group.chem.iastate.edu/Greenbowe/sections/projectfolder/flashfiles/redox/home.htmlhttp://group.chem.iastate.edu/Greenbowe/sections/projectfolder/flashfiles/redox/home.html

  11. P. 131 # 22, 23

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