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Contraception

Contraception. Safe sex versus safer sex. The term “Safe sex” is misleading. No sex is the only truly safe sex. Know partner’s sexual history Drug use Ask questions. STI’S. Herpes Gonorrhea Syphilis HPV.

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Contraception

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  1. Contraception

  2. Safe sex versus safer sex • The term “Safe sex” is misleading. No sex is the only truly safe sex. • Know partner’s sexual history • Drug use • Ask questions

  3. STI’S • Herpes • Gonorrhea • Syphilis • HPV

  4. The only known way to prevent any kind of sexually transmitted infections is to abstain from sexual contact. • What strategies do you think would be effective in selling contraception to teenagers? • Marketing Strategy?

  5. Choices • Abstinence – not having sex • 100% effective in preventing STI’s and Pregnancy • One in five Americans have genital herpes, yet at least 80 percent of those with herpes are unaware they have it • About 50 percent to 80 percent of US adults have oral herpes OR Herpes simplex Virus . (JHU)

  6. BARRIER METHODS • Barrier Methods – Physical barrier to stop sperm from coming into contact with an egg • Diaphragm, Cervical Cap, Female Condom • At least one in four Americans will contract an STD at some point in their lives

  7. PROTECTION Male Condoms Thin cover that fits over an erect penis, sperm is deposited into condom instead of vagina. Latex or Polyurethane Over – the – Counter Put on before penis touches female genitalia 98% Effective How?

  8. PROTECTION • Spermacide – Chemicals that kill sperm • Foams, Creams, Gel • Inserted into vagina before sex • Water- Based, Not Oil - Oil damages latex • Nonoxynol – 9 , Spermicidal Lubricant • More than 5 million people are infected with HPV each year

  9. Hormonal Methods • Hormonal Method – Doses of hormones to prevent pregnancy by stopping ovulation • Birth Control Pills – Prevents ovulation by suppressing the natural hormones that would stimulate an ovary to release an egg • 99% effective when taken properly, taken daily • Does not protect against STD’s

  10. IUD Hormonal • Release progestin • Thicken cervical mucus, endometrium does not grow, reduces menstrual bleeding. Non-Hormonal • Copper acts as spermicide, weakening the sperm or destroying it.

  11. PREVENTING PREGNANCY • Injectables– Shots that contain hormones to prevent pregnancy • Every 3 Months • 99% effective • Does not protect against STI’s • The Patch • Nuvaring– Vaginal ring folded & inserted high into the vagina • Release hormones • Replace every 3 weeks • Condom back - up

  12. Surgical Vasectomy Tubal Ligation Tubes Tied Banded, cauterized, tied and cut Permanent  5 out of 1,000 women after 1 year. 5 years following tubal ligation, about 13 out of 1,000 women will have become pregnant • Cutting of Vas Deferens • Prevent release of sperm during Ejaculation • Permanent • After 1-2 months 99.85% effective.

  13. Natural Methods • The calendar rhythm method- calculating a woman's fertile period on the calendar. Calculated by last 12 menstrual periods to avoid ovulation. • Withdrawal • 75%-80% • 1 out of 22 couples • Hope

  14. http://Testing

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