1. Deviance and Social Control Fall 2006

2. Outline • Crime is normal & Deviance is relative • History of sociology of deviance • From deviance to social control • 2 dimensions of social control • Style (penal, comp, etc.) • Arena (law, norms, etc.) • Design as Social Control

3. Take-Aways • Crime is normal • Deviance is relative • Conformity-Deviance as continuum with socially designated cutoff point • Social control varies • Law as small part of social control • Norms as the “social” in social control • Sociology seeks to understand distribution of control • Terms/Concepts: deviance, conformity, norm, social control, label, detterence

4. Crime is Normal • Durkheim: distinguish normal and pathological • Present in every society • Even a society of angels… • SOCIALLY pathological if rate too high or low

5. Even in a society of angels

6. It does not offend the collective because it is a crime; it is a crime because it offends the collective…

7. Under “Acceptable” Over “Acceptable” Different All Behavior Varies and Groups Have a Collective Sense of “How we do it” • Two possibilities

8. All Behavior Varies and Groups Have a Collective Sense of “How we do it” Another way to look at it… US US THEM THEM THEM

9. Example: Sex, Drugs, Rock and Roll Prudes Normals Addicts

10. Example: Student Role Slackers Normals Geeks, Nerds

11. Example: Reading Pages Per Week 0 100 250 Gut Course Normal Insanely unreasonable

12. Example: Abortion When can pregnancies be ended? Never! “Morning after” Pill only Conception Birth US Law

13. Example: Premarital Sex How “far” is OK? Hold Hands Intercourse

14. Deviance is relative • Changes from one society/group to another • Changes over time • Classic example of social construct • But still very real to the group

15. Deviance is relative: Examples • Date rape • Honor killings • Hate crime • Enron • Fashion • Smoking • Safe sex • Littering

16. Social Control Varies • By Arena • State • Organization • Society • By Style • PenalCompensation • Conciliation • Therapy • Prevention • Reform

17. Black’s Styles of Social Control

19. Social Control and Design

21. Natural Surveillance

22. Target Hardening

23. Spatial Hierarchy

24. Expressing Community Norms

25. Make Sharing Space Easier

26. Use Design to Facilitate Pro-pro-social Behavior

27. IDEO’s Social Mobiles http://www.ideo.com/case_studies/Social_Mobiles/menu.html

28. The Electric Shock Mobile http://www.ideo.com/case_studies/Social_Mobiles/SoMo1-3.html

29. The Electric Shock Mobile

30. The Electric Shock Mobile

31. The Catapult Mobile http://www.ideo.com/case_studies/Social_Mobiles/SoMo1-5.html