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MEMORY: Multi-Store Model

MEMORY: Multi-Store Model. By Atkinson & Shiffrin. Multi-Store Model:. Sensory Memory. Information comes in from the senses Cannot pay attention to all of it Selective attention (must ignore some) Perception (what we expect influences what we notice) Duration = 1-2 seconds

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MEMORY: Multi-Store Model

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  1. MEMORY:Multi-Store Model By Atkinson & Shiffrin

  2. Multi-Store Model:

  3. Sensory Memory • Information comes in from the senses • Cannot pay attention to all of it • Selective attention (must ignore some) • Perception (what we expect influences what we notice) • Duration = 1-2 seconds • Information is passed to short-term memory or lost

  4. Short-term Memory • Short duration = approx. 18 seconds without rehearsal • Small capacity = holds 7+/- 2 items • If given many items to remember, we tend to remember first and last -- Serial position effect. • Chunking helps us remember more by grouping information.

  5. P C J F K U S A F B I E S P N

  6. PC JFK USA FBI ESPN

  7. Long-term Memory • To end up in long-term memory, information must be rehearsed repeatedly or connected to previous learning. • Encode visually: • Imagery, concept maps, vivid pictures • Peg-word method • Encoding meaning: • elaborate, summarize, teach it, generate questions • Other mnemonic devices • Acrostics (Never Eat Shredded Wheat) • Acronyms (HOMES) • Rhyme, rhythm

  8. Long-term Memory • To retrieve information from the LTM, we must find a way to access it. • Networks -- connections • “Tip of the tongue” phenomenon

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