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Predicting Synthesis & Decomposition Reactions

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mitchellcheryl
13 diapositives · 184 Views · Jan 02, 2020

This guide covers predicting, writing, and balancing chemical reactions, including synthesis and decomposition reactions. Learn about oxidation numbers and how to write ionic equations.

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Predicting Synthesis & Decomposition Reactions
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  1. Predicting Synthesis & Decomposition Reactions

  2. Writing Chemical Reactions • In order to be able to write a chemical reaction, you MUST know how to write formulas from names! • If you still cannot do this…you are going to have MAJOR trouble

  3. Small Intro to Redox(MUCH more on this later!) • A reaction in which electrons are transferred from one atom to another is called an ____________________ reaction.

  4. Determining Oxidation Numbers • The oxidation number for any uncombined elements or diatomic molecule is __________ • The oxidation number for a monatomic ion is its __________ • The oxidation number of Hydrogen is usually __________ . The exception is in a __________ where the oxidation number will be -1 • The oxidation number of oxygen is usually __________ EXCEPT in __________ . Then it is -1

  5. Determining Oxidation Numbers • In binary compounds (nonmetal + nonmetal) the positive one is first and the negative one is second • The sum of the oxidation numbers for all atoms in a neutral compound is __________ • The sum of the oxidation numbers in a polyatomic ion is equal to the __________ of the polyatomic ion

  6. Steps for Writing Ionic Equations • Write the balanced molecular equation (balanced chemical equation) • Break every thing down into its ions EXCEPT the __________ , __________, __________ , or ______________(complete ionic equation) • Cross out everything that is the same on both sides (__________ ions) • Write what is left (net ionic equation)

  7. Synthesis # 1 • Metal oxide + nonmetal oxide  salt (Not Redox) • Not redox means the middle element in the salt will have the same oxidation number at the nonmetal reactant

  8. Synthesis # 1 Example • Sulfur dioxide gas is passed over solid calcium oxide

  9. Synthesis # 2 • Metal oxide + water  base (Not Redox) • Solid sodium oxide is added to water

  10. Synthesis #3 • Non metal oxide + water  acid (Not Redox) • Sulfur dioxide gas is placed in water

  11. Synthesis # 4 • Metal + nonmetal  salt • A salt is just an ionic compound ( a positive charge & a negative charge) • Magnesium metal is combusted in nitrogen gas

  12. Synthesis #5 • Metal chloride + oxygen  Metal chlorate • Magnesium chloride reacts with oxygen

  13. Decomposition • Decompositions reactions are just synthesis reactions backward