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Ultra Structure & Function of Typical Plant Cell & Cell Organelles

Ultra Structure & Function of Typical Plant Cell & Cell Organelles. Dr. Madhumita Bhattacharjee Assiatant Professor Botany Deptt. P.G.G.C.G. -11,Chandigarh. Cell Organelles. Organelle = “little organ” Found only inside eukaryotic cells All the stuff in between the organelles is cytosol

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Ultra Structure & Function of Typical Plant Cell & Cell Organelles

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  1. Ultra Structure & Function of Typical Plant Cell & Cell Organelles Dr. Madhumita Bhattacharjee Assiatant Professor Botany Deptt. P.G.G.C.G. -11,Chandigarh

  2. Cell Organelles • Organelle= “little organ” • Found only inside eukaryotic cells • All the stuff in between the organelles is cytosol • Everything in a cell except the nucleus is cytoplasm

  3. Cell Membrane • Boundary of the cell • Made of a phospholipid bilayer

  4. Nucleus • Control center of the cell • Surrounded by a double membrane • Has 4 parts: • Nuclear envelope • Nucleolus • Nucleoplasm • Chromatin Material • Usually one per cell

  5. Endoplasmic Reticulum • Connected to nuclear membrane • Highway of the cell • Rough ER: studded with ribosomes; it makes proteins • Smooth ER: no ribosomes; it makes lipids

  6. Ribosome • Site of protein synthesis • Found attached to rough ER or floating free in cytosol • Produced in a part of the nucleus called the nucleolus

  7. Golgi Apparatus • Looks like a stack of plates • Stores, modifies and packages proteins • Molecules transported to and from the Golgi by means of vesicles

  8. Lysosomes • Garbage disposal of the cell • Contain digestive enzymes that break down wastes

  9. Mitochondria • “Powerhouse of the cell” • Cellular respiration occurs here to release energy for the cell to use • Bound by a double membrane • It has its own DNA,so called ‘Semiautonomous ‘organelle.

  10. Chloroplast • Found only in plant cells • Contains the green pigment chlorophyll • Site of food (glucose) production • It contains its own DNA ,so called ‘Semiautonomous ‘organelle.

  11. Cell Wall • Found in plant and bacterial cells • Rigid, protective barrier • Located outside of the cell membrane • Made of cellulose (fiber)

  12. Vacuoles • Large central vacuole usually in plant cells • Many smaller vacuoles in animal cells • Storage container for water, food, enzymes, wastes, pigments, etc.

  13. Quick Review • Which organelle is the control center of the cell? Nucleus • Which organelle holds the cell together? Cell membrane • Which organelles are not found in animal cells? Cell wall, central vacuole, chloroplasts • Which organelle helps plant cells make food? Chloroplasts • What does E.R. stand for? Endoplasmic reticulum

  14. Quick Review • Which organelle is called ‘Power house of the cell? Mitochondria • Which organelle is called ‘Garbage disposal ‘of the cell? Lysosomes • Which organelles are called semi-autonomous organelles ? Mitochondria & Chloroplast

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