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A Brief History of Ancient Rome and Greece

A Brief History of Ancient Rome and Greece. Greece Homer c. 800 Rise of aristocracies 776 Olympic Games established c. 750 Greek colonization of Southern Italy and Sicily c. 700 Hesiod 621 Draco’s laws c. 600 Sappho c. 600 Thales (philosopher) 594-593 Solon 545-510 Rule by Tyrants

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A Brief History of Ancient Rome and Greece

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  1. A Brief History of Ancient Rome and Greece

  2. Greece Homer c. 800 Rise of aristocracies 776 Olympic Games established c. 750 Greek colonization of Southern Italy and Sicily c. 700 Hesiod 621 Draco’s laws c. 600 Sappho c. 600 Thales (philosopher) 594-593 Solon 545-510 Rule by Tyrants 533 Thespis wins first tragedy competition 508 Cleisthenes reforms Greece Rome 800-700 Hellenes and Etruscans in Italy 753 Romulus founds Rome 642-617 Ancus Marcius extends Rome’s power to the coast 509 Romans overthrow Tarquinius Superbus; treaty with Carthage (Northern Africa) Archaic Greece and Legendary Rome (800-500 BCE)

  3. Etruscan League of 12 in the 8th century BCE The Greek Area of Influence in the 8th century BCE

  4. Greece 499 B.C.: Aristogoras' Ionian rebellion against Persians 498 B.C.: Athens at war with Aegina 497 B.C.: Athenians attack Sardis 495 B.C. Persians capture Miletus 494 B.C.: Spartans under Cleomenes defeat Argives 490 B.C.: Battle of Marathon. 489 B.C.: Expedition of Miltiades to Paros. Death of Cleomenes 487 B.C.: Ostracism of Hipparchus. Archins appointed by lot 486 B.C.: Ostracism of Megacles. Pindar's 7th Pythian 485 B.C.: Death of Darius 484 B.C.: Ostracism of Xanthippus 483-2 B.C.: Ostracism of Aristides 480 B.C.: Athens recalls ostracized citizens Rome 494 B.C.: First secessio plebis 493 B.C.: Treaty between Spurius Cassius and the Latins 486 B.C.: lex agraria of Spurius Cassius 482-474 B.C.: War with Veii 5th century Greece and Rome

  5. Greece 399 B.C.: Socrates executed c. 395 B.C.: (Apology) Defense of Socrates by Plato 395-387 B.C.: The Corinthian War 395-380 B.C.: Agesipolis I Spartan king 394 B.C.: Battle of Corinth. Battle of Cnidus. Solar Eclipse. Battle of Coronea c. 393 B.C.: Defense of Socrates by Xenophon 392 B.C.: The Ecclesiazusae by Aristophanes. Dionysius defeats Carthaginians led by Mago c. 390 B.C.: Memoirs of Socrates by Xenophon. Charmides, Protagoras, Laches, Euthydemus, by Plato Rome 397 B.C.: Himilco to Sicily 396 B.C.: Roman soldiers paid by the state 392 B.C.: Romans begin conquest of Italy 4th century BCE Greece and Rome

  6. Focus on Hellenic Period in Greece • 499-479: The Persian Wars • 490 BC: The Battle of Marathon • 480 BC: The Battle of Salamis • 480-404 BC: Hellenic Culture • 448-432 BC: The Parthenon is built. • c. 525-456 BC: Aeschylus • c. 445-380 BC: Aristophanes • c. 460-c. 400 BC: Thucydides • The Sophists • 431-404: The Peloponnesian War • 431 BC: Peloponnesian war begins; Athens and the Delian League vs. Sparta and the Pelopennesian League. • 415-413 BC: Athenian Expedition to Syracuse • 404 BC: Athens surrenders to Sparta • 404-336 BC: After the Peloponnesian War • 404-403 BC: Thirty Tyrants rule Athens. • 400-387: Spartan War against Persia • 371: Spartan hegemony ends and Thebes defeats Sparta at the Battle of Leuctra • 362: Theban hegemony ends with its defeat at the Battle of Mantinea

  7. The Rise of Macedonia 359-323 BCE • 359-336 B.C.: Reign of Philip II • 338: Battle of Chaeronea; Philip conquers Greece. • 338: League of Corinth is founded. • 336-323: Reign of Alexander III, the Great. • 334: Alexander invades Asia. • 333: Battle of Issus. • 331: Battle of Gaugamela. • 330: Fall of Persepolis, the Persian capitol. • 327: Alexander reaches the Indus Valley. • 323: Alexander dies.

  8. A Focus on Rome – Stage 1 • The Roman Republic: 509-31 B.C. • 753 BC: Traditional date for the founding of Rome. Agricultural settlements on the Palatine hill. • 616-509 BC: Etruscan kings rule Rome. • c. 500-275 BC: Conquest of the Italian peninsula. Beginnings of the system of roads. • c. 390 BC: Rome is sacked by Gauls and rebuilt. • 264-241 BC: First Punic War • 218-202 BC: Second Punic War • 146 BC: Third Punic War and the conquest of Greece. • 133-31 BC: Civil War and the End of the Republic.

  9. Focus on Rome – Stage 2 • The Roman Principate: 27 BC- AD 312 • 27 BC-AD 14: Augustus • Pax Romana, deified ruler, Father of the Country • 14-68: Julio-Claudian Emperors • Tiberius (14-37) • Caligula (37-41) • Claudius (41-54) • Nero (54-68) • 69-96: Flavian or Vespasian Emperors • Vespasian (69-79) • Titus (79-81) • Domitian (81-96) – declares himself domus et deus “master and god” • 96-180: Five Good Emperors • Nerva (96-98) • Trajan (98-117) • Hadrian (117-138) • Antoninus Pius (138-161) • Marcus Aurelius (161-180) • 180-284: Crisis of the Third Century • Many rulers, but Pax Romana begins to fall apart and Persians and Goths invade • 284-378: Reforms of the Late Empire • split the Empire into four sections: Italy, Asia Minor, Germany and Pannonia • Divide the rule into 2 tier system – between augusti and caesars • With Constantine the Great (306-337) Rome becomes the Holy Roman Empire when he becomes a Christian in 312

  10. Focus on Rome – Stage 3 • The Later Roman Empire: 312-1453 • 312-867: Formation of a Christian Empire • 378-476: Decline of the Roman Empire in the West • 410: Rome is sacked by the Visigoths. The remainder of the Roman Empire is now referred to as the Byzantine Empire

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