Early Civilizations: Evolution and Impact

1. Tuesday, July 28th • Timeline Activity • Early Civilizations • Today: Going over early civilizations • Different activities and notes • History of the World in 7 minutes

2. Wednesday, July 30th & Thursday July 31st • Open house Thursday! 6-9pm • Finishing timeline stuff • Notes  • History of the World Activity • DBQ activity

3. Goals for today: • Explain how and where complex societies evolved and describe their significant characteristics. • Describe ways in which the rate of change accelerated between 10,000 BCE and 1,000 BCE. • Describe the changes in Paleolithic life and the impact they had on modern humans.

4. Warm Up! • You have five minutes to: • Come up with a list of all of the things that might be found in the trash of your home every week. • Include recycling as well.

5. Now… pair up with someone sitting next to you. If all the items they come up with were taken to the dump, covered with ten feet of earth, and left there, what would still be identifiable if someone dug the items up after 100 years? After 20,000 years? After 100,000 years?

6. Early Humans

8. How the earth was created • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iYD2Ee5ABYE

9. What do you know about early civilizations?

10. Early Civilizations were… • Stepping stones for: • legal system • democratic form of government • many of the world’s major religions • important inventions such as the alphabet.

11. How do we know about early humans?

12. How do we know about early humans? • ARCHEOLOGISTS • Archeology- the study of past societies through analysis of what people left behind. • Anthropology- the study of human life and culture • Fossils – rocklike remains of biological organisms.

13. Modern Archeologists • 2001- Kenya, hominid species completely in tack (3.5 million years old)

14. China- bird like dinosaurs • 100 million years ago!

15. 2007- intact baby mammoth in Russia

16. Lascaux Cave paintings

17. The POINT: • Does archeology, fossils and artifacts tell us everything about a culture or civilization? • How do we analyze ancient cultures with the little information that we have about them?

18. History of the World in 18 minutes • You have questions to respond to • As you are watching the video, carefully listen for the answers • The author uses different analogies and things to describe human life over the last million+ years- pay attention!

19. TED talk • https://www.ted.com/talks/david_christian_big_history

20. What do these objects tell you? • Tools? • Cups? • Weapons? • Do they tell you the whole story of a society?

21. Early Humans

24. Paleolithic Way of Life

25. Characteristics of Paleolithic Age • 2,500,000 B.C. to 10,000 B.C. • Humans used simple stone tools • Often called “Old Stone Age”

26. Early Housing of Paleolithic Era

27. Hunting and Gathering • Relied on hunting and gathering • Close relationship with environment • Berries, plants, fruits, nuts, grains • Hunted horses, bison, buffalo, fish and shellfish

28. Paleolithic Way of Life 1. Made stone tools from flint • Hand axes were most common • Handles made them easier to use • Spears were later used • Later, invented: • Bow and arrow • Spear • Fish hooks • Bone needles

29. Paleolithic Way of Life cont. 2. Had to follow animal migrations and vegetable cycles • Nomads- people who move from place to place to survive. • Lived in small groups of 20-30. • Hunting depended on careful observation and group cooperation

30. Roles of Women • Women: bear and raised children; stayed closer to camp • Acquired berries, nuts, grains. • Taught children what was edible. • Trapped small animals, kept camp safe

31. Roles of Men and Women • Main job of people: finding enough to eat • Parents: passed on skills to children to survive • Men: Hunt herds of animals • Traveled far distances • EQUALITY

32. Adapting to Survive • Shelter in natural caves • New types of shelter: • Wood with animal hides • Large bones of mammoths

33. Use of Fire • Homo Erectus was the first • Piles of ash in caves • As long as 500,000 years ago • Provided: • Warmth • Protection from animals • Light • Cooked food • Occurred differently at different places and times

34. Ice Ages • 100,000 B.C. • Fire was important for survival • Thick sheets of ice moved down Europe, America and Asia • Serious threat to human life • Had to adapt

35. Activity: Was Farming a good idea?

36. Tuesday, August 5th • Warm Up: Reviewing timeline • Get out article and questions • Let’s discuss!!!

37. Put these dates in order on a timeline: • 50 B.C. • 0 • 65 A.D. • 150 B.C. • 120 B.C • 76 A.D. • 23 B.C. • 44 A.D. • 111 A.D.

38. What are the years between these numbers? • 1298 B.C. & 768 B.C. • 2014 & 1776 • 1099 A.D. & 641 B.C.

39. The Neolithic Revolution

40. How does agriculture affect our society?

41. How does agriculture affect our society? • Is a foundation because it provides food for populations • Without agriculture, people would have to hunt and gather to survive.

42. Standard of Living • Definition: refers to a measure of what we have relative to what we need . • Objective • Examples:Shelter, food, clean water, and access to health care. • How it is measured- life expectancy, daily caloric intake, and literacy rates.

45. Quality of Life • Definition: refers to the degree of satisfaction we feel about our lives. • Subjective. • Example: Happiness, family, love • To measure: how one feels in relation to others

46. Neolithic Revolution • 8000 B.C.- 4000 B.C. • Shift from hunting and gathering to systematic agriculture • Began planting crops • Domesticating animals • Can live in settled communities • What kind of influence does farming have in our lives?

48. Domestication of Animals

49. Growing of Crops • Southwest Asia- wheat, barley, pigs, cows, goats, sheep. • Spread to South-eastern Europe • 4000 B.C.- farming established in Europe and Mediterranean Sea.

50. Growing of crops • 6000 B.C.- wheat and barley in Egypt and Africa • Yams, bananas • Moved to India • 5000 B.C. –Meso-Americans • Bean, squash, maize