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Electric T&D Future Research Needs: Environmental Drivers

Electric T&D Future Research Needs: Environmental Drivers. John D. Kueck, P.E. Power Systems Research Oak Ridge National Laboratory Tallahassee, Florida February 1, 2006. Environmental issues associated with siting T&D--- an EIS is required.

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Electric T&D Future Research Needs: Environmental Drivers

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  1. Electric T&D Future Research Needs: Environmental Drivers John D. Kueck, P.E. Power Systems Research Oak Ridge National Laboratory Tallahassee, Florida February 1, 2006

  2. Environmental issues associated with siting T&D--- an EIS is required • The impacts on the physical and biological environment are usually limited to the construction stage • Air emissions during construction cannot be neglected • Impacts on protected areas within the transmission line right-of-way (such as nature reserves, archaeological and cultural sites) must be assessed • Land acquisition or expropriation issues associated with a siting project • An environmental monitoring program may be required and implemented as part of a transmission expansion implementation plan

  3. Several areas of electric T&D research could significantly reduce environmental impacts of siting new transmission • Expanding grid capacity is critical to accessing wind power, solar power, and next-generation nuclear power options that are remote from population centers • Can this be done in an environmentally responsible manner? • Big drivers are permitting and construction • A broad research portfolio is needed to advance high-efficiency distributed energy • Environmental benefits of improved asset utilization, system efficiencies

  4. 1) Expanding the grid is critical to accessing windpower, solar power, and nuclear power options that are remote from population centers Source: National Commission on Energy Policy, Ending the Energy Stalemate, 2004 (www.energycommission.org)

  5. Continue to Develop a Next Generation of High-Capacity Conductors High Temp Al-Zr Strands Short-term: Advanced composite conductors & other low-sag conductors Mid-term: Superconducting cables Long-term: Highly conductive high-strength carbon nanowires Aluminum Composite Wire(replace steel core) Advanced conductors have 2- to 3-times the capacity of standard overhead power lines

  6. 2) Distributed energy systems could increase power efficiency and thereby reduce emissions Source: Brown, et al., Towards a Climate-Friendly Built Environment, Pew Center on Global Climate Change, 2005.

  7. A Broad Research Portfolio is Needed to Advance High-Efficiency Distributed Energy Illustrative Research Needs: • Advanced combustion science, including alternative fuels and emissions management • Advanced power electronics including silicon carbide • High-temperature and lightweight materials research • Electrochemistry to develop innovative electric storage devices important to integrating intermittent renewable resources • Computational science and modeling to improve real-time control of distributed energy systems

  8. Summary Research and development is needed to reduce environmental impact of transmission • Develop cost-effective conductor to enable greater power transfer within existing ROW • Even a 20% sag reduction without retowering is worth >20% cost premium when the alternative is uprating • Distributed energy solutions to better asset utilization

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