The Rise of a Mass Democracy, 1824–1840

1. Chapter 13 (9 questions) The Rise of a Mass Democracy, 1824–1840

2. Question 1 All of the following were true of the Corrupt Bargain EXCEPT • Jackson polled almost as many popular votes as his next two rivals combined. • Jackson won a majority of the electoral vote, but failed to win a popular majority. • Clay eliminated, yet as Speaker of the House, he presided over the very chamber that had to pick the winner. • according to Jackson’s supporters, Adams had bribed Clay with the position of Secretary of State.

3. Question 2 All of the following were true of the Spoils System EXCEPT • it was introduced into the federal government on a large scale, under Jackson. • it rejected rewarding political supporters with public office. • the system had already secured a firm hold in New York and Pennsylvania. • it was based on the belief that since every man is as good as his neighbor, the routine of office was simple enough for any upstanding American to learn quickly.

4. Question 3 All of the following were true of the Nullification Crisis EXCEPT • through Jackson’s first term, the nullifiers tried to muster the two-thirds vote for nullification in the South Carolina legislature. • South Carolina delegates, meeting in Columbia, solemnly declared the existing tariff to be null and void within their state. • the convention threatened to take South Carolina out of the Union if Washington attempted to collect the customs duties by force. • Jackson was a diehard supporter of the tariff, and he would not permit defiance or disunion.

5. Question 4 All of the following were true of the Indian Removal Act EXCEPT • it provided for the transplanting of all Indian tribes from the west to the eastern side of the Mississippi. • Jackson’s policy led to the forced uprooting of more than 100,000 Indians. • in a callous jibe at the Indians’ defender, Jackson allegedly snapped, “John Marshall has made his decision; now let him enforce it.” • in the ensuing decade, countless Indians died on forced marches.

6. Question 5 The Trail of Tears referred to the • forced removal of the Cherokee from Georgia. • walk of shame for supporters of the Tariff of 1832. • return road to plantations for recaptured fugitive slaves. • advent of marriage for former suffragists.

7. Question 6 All of the following were true of the Bank War EXCEPT • President Jackson did not hate all banks and all businesses, but he distrusted monopolistic banking and overbig businesses. • it erupted in 1832, when Daniel Webster and Henry Clay presented Congress with a bill to renew the Bank of the United States’ charter four years early. • Clay rammed a recharter bill through Congress, so that if Jackson vetoed it he would lose the presidency. • though Jackson invoked the Constitution in his bank-veto message, he essentially argued that he was vetoing the bill because he personally found it harmful to the nation. • the president’s sweeping accusations seemed demagogic to the common people.

8. Question 7 The Specie Circular • was an anti-Biddle broadside put out by Jacksonians to undermine the bank. • required public lands in the trans-Mississippi west to set aside 1 square mile from every 36 square mile plot to endangered species. • was an anti-Jacksonian broadside put out by Whigs to support the bank. • required all public lands to be purchased with “hard,” or metallic, money.

9. Question 8 All of the following were true of the Panic of 1837 EXCEPT • it was a symptom of the financial sickness of the times. • its basic cause was rampant speculation, prompted by a mania of get-rich-quickism. • gamblers in western lands were doing a “land-office business” on borrowed capital, much of it in the shaky currency of “wildcat banks.” • speculation alone caused the crash, which was staved off by Jacksonian finance, including the Bank War and the Specie Circular.

10. Question 9 To Texans, the Alamo is most akin to the battle of • Quebec in 1759. • Lexington in 1775. • Yorktown in 1781. • New Orleans in 1815.

11. Answer 1 All of the following were true of the Corrupt Bargain EXCEPT • Jackson polled almost as many popular votes as his next two rivals combined. • Jackson won a majority of the electoral vote, but failed to win a popular majority. (correct) • Clay eliminated, yet as Speaker of the House, he presided over the very chamber that had to pick the winner. • according to Jackson’s supporters, Adams had bribed Clay with the position of Secretary of State. Hint: See pages 273–274.

12. Answer 2 All of the following were true of the Spoils System EXCEPT • it was introduced into the federal government on a large scale, under Jackson. • it rejected rewarding political supporters with public office. (correct) • the system had already secured a firm hold in New York and Pennsylvania. • it was based on the belief that since every man is as good as his neighbor, the routine of office was simple enough for any upstanding American to learn quickly. Hint: See page 280.

13. Answer 3 All of the following were true of the Nullification Crisis EXCEPT • through Jackson’s first term, the nullifiers tried to muster the two-thirds vote for nullification in the South Carolina legislature. • South Carolina delegates, meeting in Columbia, solemnly declared the existing tariff to be null and void within their state. • the convention threatened to take South Carolina out of the Union if Washington attempted to collect the customs duties by force. • Jackson was a diehard supporter of the tariff, and he would not permit defiance or disunion. (correct) Hint: See page 282.

14. Answer 4 All of the following were true of the Indian Removal Act EXCEPT • it provided for the transplanting of all Indian tribes from the west to the eastern side of the Mississippi. (correct) • Jackson’s policy led to the forced uprooting of more than 100,000 Indians. • in a callous jibe at the Indians’ defender, Jackson allegedly snapped, “John Marshall has made his decision; now let him enforce it.” • in the ensuing decade, countless Indians died on forced marches. Hint: See page 285.

15. Answer 5 The Trail of Tears referred to the • forced removal of the Cherokee from Georgia. (correct) • walk of shame for supporters of the Tariff of 1832. • return road to plantations for recaptured fugitive slaves. • advent of marriage for former suffragists. Hint: See page 285.

16. Answer 6 All of the following were true of the Bank War EXCEPT • President Jackson did not hate all banks and all businesses, but he distrusted monopolistic banking and overbig businesses. • it erupted in 1832, when Daniel Webster and Henry Clay presented Congress with a bill to renew the Bank of the United States’ charter four years early. • Clay rammed a recharter bill through Congress, so that if Jackson vetoed it he would lose the presidency. • though Jackson invoked the Constitution in his bank-veto message, he essentially argued that he was vetoing the bill because he personally found it harmful to the nation. • the president’s sweeping accusations seemed demagogic to the common people. (correct) Hint: See page 286.

17. Answer 7 The Specie Circular • was an anti-Biddle broadside put out by Jacksonians to undermine the bank. • required public lands in the trans-Mississippi west to set aside 1 square mile from every 36 square mile plot to endangered species. • was an anti-Jacksonian broadside put out by Whigs to support the bank. • required all public lands to be purchased with “hard,” or metallic, money. (correct) Hint: See page 290.

18. Answer 8 All of the following were true of the Panic of 1837 EXCEPT • it was a symptom of the financial sickness of the times. • its basic cause was rampant speculation, prompted by a mania of get-rich-quickism. • gamblers in western lands were doing a “land-office business” on borrowed capital, much of it in the shaky currency of “wildcat banks.” • speculation alone caused the crash, which was staved off by Jacksonian finance, including the Bank War and the Specie Circular. (correct) Hint: See page 292.

19. Answer 9 To Texans, the Alamo is most akin to the battle of • Quebec in 1759. • Lexington in 1775. (correct) • Yorktown in 1781. • New Orleans in 1815. Hint: See page 297.