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Grammar Unit 18 Present Perfect: Indefinite Past

Grammar Unit 18 Present Perfect: Indefinite Past. Unit Overview. Unit 18 focuses on the use of the present perfect to express what happened at an indefinite time in the past.

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Grammar Unit 18 Present Perfect: Indefinite Past

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  1. Grammar Unit 18Present Perfect: Indefinite Past

  2. Unit Overview Unit 18 focuses on the use of the present perfect to express what happened at an indefinite time in the past. • The present perfect is used for repeated actions at some indefinite time in the past with adverbs like twice, always, often, and many more. • It is used for actions in the very recent but still indefinite past with just, recently, and lately.

  3. Grammar in Context Vocabulary After you read Items Checked: 4 5 • The globe: the world • Come out: if a book, movie etc., comes out, it is available for people to buy or see. • Safari: a trip through the country areas of Africa in order to watch wild animals. • Affordable: not expensive.

  4. Present Perfect: Indefinite Past Present Perfect Examples They’ve been to Rome. Present tense In the past We don’t know exactly when the action happened He hasn’t been to Egypt He’s never ridden a camel. • The present perfect describes things that happened at an indefinite past time. • We use the present perfect for something that did not happen at an indefinite time in the past. • Two ways to express this are: • A) form of have+ not + present perfect • B) form of have + never + present perfect

  5. Present Perfect: Use of adverbs Adverbs Examples She has just gotten back from a trip. She has recently made a trip. She has made a trip recently. She has made several trips lately. • The present perfect can use these adverbs • Just • Recently • Lately • Just, recently, and lately express that the action happened in the recent past. • We do not know exactly when the action happened.

  6. Present Perfect Adverbs: just, lately, recently Answers Ans: recently Ans: just Ans: lately • What adverb goes between a form of have and the past participle OR at the end of the sentence? • What adverb goes between a form of have and the past participle? • What adverb goes at the end of the sentence?

  7. Present Perfect Questions Answers Possible answers: Yes, I have. No, I haven’t The word never can also be used in short answers. Possible answers: twice • This question seeks to find out if something happened. • Have you ever climbed a mountain? • This question seeks to find out if something happened several times. • How often have you been on safari?

  8. Note 1 Present Perfect Examples I’ve visited the Metropolitan Museum in New York. Let’s share interesting places that you’ve been to of interesting things that you’ve seen. Now Past X Future visit • Present perfect expresses that something happened at an indefinite time in the past. • The time is not important. • What matters is the action. • (When time is important, the simple past should be used.)

  9. Note 2 Present Perfect/frequency adverbs always I’ve often traveled by plane. never once. I’ve traveled by plane twice. many times. • We use the present perfect for something that happened several times at an indefinite past time. • We also use it with never for something that did not happen before now. • Frequency adverbs go between a form of have and the past participle. • Adverbs like once, twice, or many times go at the end of a sentence.

  10. Practice describing someone (a relative or friend) using the present perfect My_________________________ • A place she/he has been to: • A place she/he has never been to: • Something she/he has always done: • Something she/he has done many times: • Something she/he has always liked: • Something she/he hasn’t done lately: • Something she/he has done recently:

  11. Note 3 Yes, once. Have you ever ridden an elephant? Yes, I once rode an elephant in India. No, never. No, I’ve never ridden an elephant. • When we answer positively, we normally add more information. • To answer negatively, we normally use never.

  12. Interesting adventures… Ask a partner Have you ever? • Touch a snake • Swim with dolphins • Hunt an animal • Go snorkeling • Fly in a helicopter

  13. Note 4 Which sentences are correct? Let’s check! 1 3 4 6 7 • I’ve just finished packing. • We haven’t lately been there. • He just booked a ticket. • She hasn’t traveled lately. • They’ve boarded the plane just. • We’ve recently been on vacation. • They have met each other recently. • They recently climbed a mountain.

  14. Focus on Grammar Exercise 1 Exercise 2 Djdj ‘ve been Has been or ‘s been ‘ve had ‘ve swum ‘ve eaten ‘ve slept Has become or ‘s become Have….found ‘ve thought ‘ve …… kept ‘ve …..written Have…come ‘ve ……. Returned ‘ve……gone • Ll • F • T • F • F • T

  15. Focus on Grammar Exercise 3 Exercise 3 continued 9. He hasn’t crossed the Andes on horseback. OR He’s never crossed the Andes on horseback. 10. He’s sailed a nboat on the Nile River. 11. He’s swum with dolphins in the ocean. 12. He hasn’t been on a safari. OR He’s never been on a safari. 13. He hasn’t flown around the world. OR He’s never flown around the world. 14. He hasn’t gone on an organized trip. OR He’s never gone on an organized trip. • Nlnl • Nln • He hasn’t ridden a camel. OR He’s never ridden a camel. • He’s jumped out of an airplane with a parachute. • He’s gone up in a hot-air balloon. • He hasn’t spent time on a desert island. OR He’s never spent time on a desert island. • He’s eaten some really unusual food. • He hasn’t taken photos of wild animals up close.

  16. Focus on Grammar Exercise 4 Exercise 4 continued I’ve been to Africa several times I’ve just gotten I’ve never been They’ve just finished. • Lll • I’ve gone up • I haven’t done it lately • Have you traveled a lot? I have • I have • Have you ever been • I haven’t • I’ve always wanted to go

  17. Focuses on Grammar Exercise 5 • Kkkk • She’s ridden (on) a camel. • She’s traveled (a lot). OR She’s seen a lot of countries. • She’s stayed at the Hotel Roma. • She’s written Traveling Solo. • She’s seen Cats three times.

  18. Activities Eyes Shut Game Each of you will need to come up with a sentence using the present perfect in the indefinite past. (You can use just, recently, or lately) Remember your sentence!! I will give you each a number. We will all close our eyes. When I call out your number, you must say your sentence. Everyone will have to guess who said the sentence. • Activity sheet

  19. Activities Snap!

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