Sexually

1. Sexually Transmitted Diseases General Military Training – Sexually Transmitted Diseases

2. Video Responsible Sexual Behavior – Making the Right Decisions General Military Training – Sexually Transmitted Diseases

3. What is a Sexually Transmitted Disease? • Diseases you can get by having sex – vaginal, oral, or anal – with someone who is already infected. • Caused by bacteria or viruses that are spread through blood, semen, and vaginal fluids. • Also, spread simply by touching infected skin for certain STDs, like herpes and genital warts. General Military Training – Sexually Transmitted Diseases

4. STD Facts • Estimated Annual Cases • 333 Million Worldwide • 12 Million new cases in the United States this year alone • 1 out of 4 people between ages 15 and 55 will contract an STD. • 2/3 of all STD cases occur in ages 25 or younger. General Military Training – Sexually Transmitted Diseases

5. Estimated Annual STD Cases U.S. • Human Papilloma Virus 5,500,000 • Trichomoniasis 5,000,000 • Chlamydia 3,000,000 • Herpes 1,000,000 • Gonorrhea 650,000 • Hepatitis B 77,000 • Syphilis 70,000 • HIV 40,000 Total 15,337,000 General Military Training – Sexually Transmitted Diseases

6. Drips/Discharge Sores/Ulcers Genital Warts Itching/Irritation in genital area Abnormal bleeding Odors Tenderness Abdominal or pelvic pain Urine changes Painful intercourse Rashes Yeast infections No visible sign Sexually Transmitted Disease Symptoms General Military Training – Sexually Transmitted Diseases

7. What To Do • See a doctor immediately for diagnosis and treatment. • Notify all recent sexual partners. • Follow the doctor’s order and complete the course of treatment. General Military Training – Sexually Transmitted Diseases

8. Types of STDs Chlamydia Infection Most common of all bacterial STD. May cause abnormal genital discharge and burning with urination. In women, may lead to pelvic inflammatory disease Trichomoniasis Often there are no symptoms, especially in men. If symptoms occur, the most common is an odorous, yellowish greenish discharge. Gonorrhea Most common symptoms of gonorrhea are a discharge from the vagina or penis and painful or difficult urination. Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) Small, soft, itchy warts in and around the genital area. General Military Training – Sexually Transmitted Diseases

9. Types of STDs (cont’d) Genital Herpes Painful blisters or open sores in the genital area. Preceded by a tingling or burning sensation in the legs, buttocks, or genital region. Syphilis Symptoms may go undetected because they are very mild and disappear spontaneously. Initial symptom is a painless open sore that usually appears on the penis or around or in the vagina. It can also occur near the mouth, anus, or on the hands. Hepatitis B A viral infection primarily affecting the liver. Most cases clear up within one to two months without treatment, but some people are contagious the rest of their lives. Others include Bacterial Vaginosis, cytomegalovirus infections, scabies, pubic lice, and others. General Military Training – Sexually Transmitted Diseases

10. HIV (AIDS) • AIDS was first reported in the U.S. in 1981 • Life Threatening • AIDS caused by HIV • Immune system is damaged leaving body open to serious infections, other diseases, severe weight loss, and dementia • An estimated 900,000 people currently have HIV and an estimated 40,000 people contract the disease each year • Is the eighth leading cause of death among 15 to 24-year olds since 1991 • AIDS Hotline (Confidential) 1-800-342-AIDS General Military Training – Sexually Transmitted Diseases

11. How is HIV Transmitted? • Sexual contact • Blood exchange • During pregnancy, birth, and breast feeding • Not from hugging, touching, toilet seats, and swimming pools. General Military Training – Sexually Transmitted Diseases

12. Your Naval Career and HIV/AIDS • The time from when a person is infected to the appearance of clinical symptoms may be 10 years or longer. • During symptom-free period, the HIV-infected person is fully functional and capable of performing his or her assigned duties. • Navy policy states that personnel who are HIV-antibody positive and found medically fit for duty shall be assigned within the United States to a unit not normally programmed for deployment and within 300 miles of a naval medical treatment facility. CHART 1 OF 2 General Military Training – Sexually Transmitted Diseases

13. Your Naval Career and HIV/AIDS • Every effort is taken to maintain confidentiality and ensure continued career options. • Detailers have knowledge of available options. • HIV-infected personnel cannot be assigned to sea duty or deployable units. • Junior enlisted members in sea-intensive ratings may have to change their rating. • HIV-infected pilots, NFOs, and aircrew members are permanently grounded and reassigned to shore duty. CHART 2 OF 2 General Military Training – Sexually Transmitted Diseases

14. Ways to Avoid STDs • Abstinence • Avoid direct contact • Stay sober • Practice safe sex • Use a condom General Military Training – Sexually Transmitted Diseases

15. Contraception Choices • Abstinence • Barrier Methods • Male condoms, female condoms, diaphragms, cervical caps, Intrauterine devices • Hormonal Methods • Norplant, Depo-Provera, Pill, Emergency Contraception • Over the counter methods • Spermicides, creams, jellies • Sterilization • Others General Military Training – Sexually Transmitted Diseases

16. Health Family Career Why Should You be Responsible for Your Sexual Behavior? Finances Personal Values Relationships General Military Training – Sexually Transmitted Diseases

17. Core Values and STDs • Honor is: • Accountability • Responsibility • Courage is: • Making the right choice in the face of temptation • Guts to ‘just do the right thing…right’ • Commitment is: • Being undeterred to maintain sexually responsible behavior General Military Training – Sexually Transmitted Diseases

18. Summary • What are Sexually Transmitted Diseases? • STD symptoms and what to do if you have them • Types of STDs • HIV and AIDS • How HIV is transmitted? • How HIV can affect my career if I am infected? • Ways to avoid STDs • Contraception Choices • Responsible Sexual Behavior • Video and Highlights • Core Values General Military Training – Sexually Transmitted Diseases

19. References • SECNAVINST 5300.30C • OPNAVINST 1740.4A • SECNAVINST 1754.1 • BUMEDINST 6300.9, BUMED Notice 6320 • SECNAVINST 1000.10 • http://www.plannedparenthood.org/sti-safesex/TIPS.HTM • http://www.hhs.gov • http://www.vnh.org • http://www-nehc.med.navy.mil/hp/sharp/index.htm • ‘Your Sexual Health’ – Navy Environmental Health Center General Military Training – Sexually Transmitted Diseases