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APES year in review – chapters 1-3

APES year in review – chapters 1-3. 2016, The year everyone gets a 5!. Answers to chapter 1 pages 23-24. 8 E 9 D 10 A. 1 D 2 B 3 B 4 B 5 C 6 E 7 B. Answers to chapter 2 page 49-50. 8 C 9 B 10 E 11 D 12 C 13 E 14 A. 1 B 2 D 3 E

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APES year in review – chapters 1-3

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  1. APES year in review – chapters 1-3 2016, The year everyone gets a 5!

  2. Answers to chapter 1 pages 23-24 8 E 9 D 10 A 1 D 2 B 3 B 4 B 5 C 6 E 7 B

  3. Answers to chapter 2 page 49-50 8 C 9 B 10 E 11 D 12 C 13 E 14 A 1 B 2 D 3 E 4 C 5 A 6 B 7 E

  4. Answers to chapter 3 pages 82-83 8 B 9 E 10 E 11 B 12 B 13 E 14 C 15 B 1 D 2 D 3 E 4 D 5 A 6 E 7 A

  5. Know how to……….. • Convert with dimensional analysis • Make sense of the half life table • Use percentages (efficiency p 40) • Make sense of the pH scale

  6. Easter Island Sustainability -Inhabitatants of Easter Island cut down the trees to build their houses faster than the trees could grow back. Was that sustainable?

  7. How many Earth’s would be required if everybody has the same ecological footprint as the citizens of the United States?

  8. How many Earth’s would be required if everybody has the same ecological footprint as the citizens of the United States? 8

  9. What temperature water will support the fish that need the most oxygen?

  10. What temperature water will support the fish that need the most oxygen? COLD Water

  11. Which of these countries have the largest ecological footprint? Developed vs. Developing Developed Countries • Canada, U.S., Australia, Western Europe (Denmark) Developing Countries • Latin America, China, Africa (Kenya) • 1/5 of the world’s pop. Lives in absolute poverty, illiterate, lack clean H2O and don’t have enough food • 80% of world’s pop. Lives in developing co. and growing

  12. Developed Countries Canada, U.S., Australia, Western Europe (Denmark) Developing Countries Latin America, China, Africa (Kenya) 1/5 of the world’s pop. Lives in absolute poverty, illiterate, lack clean H2O and don’t have enough food 80% of world’s pop. Lives in developing co. and growing Which of these countries have the largest ecological footprint? Developed vs. Developing

  13. When energy is transformed the ability to do work decreases even though the quantity of energy does not change. Describe the 2nd law of thermodynamics

  14. When energy transfers from one form to another or from one trophic level to the one above some of the energy does not make it to the other form or the next trophic level. What form does this “missing” energy take?

  15. When energy transfers from one form to another or from one trophic level to the one above some of the energy does not make it to the other form or the next trophic level. What form does this “missing” energy take? HEAT

  16. Is the earth an open or closed system in regards to solar energy?

  17. Is the earth an open or closed system in regards to solar energy? Open because the sun’s solar rays travel through space, are absorbed/reflected by the earth and atmosphere and then are reradiated back to space.

  18. How many times more acidic is stomach acid compared to rainwater? pH = 1.6

  19. How many times more acidic is stomach acid compared to rainwater? Rainwater is ph 5.6 so stomach acid is 10,000 times more acidic than rainwater pH = 1.6

  20. What happened to the salinity of Mono Lake when the LADPW diverted water from Walker Creek, which fed the lake, to the people of Los Angeles? YLHS

  21. What happened to the salinity of Mono Lake when the LADPW diverted water from Walker Creek, which fed the lake, to the people of Los Angeles? Salinity increased YLHS

  22. When the salinity of Mono Lake increased, what happened to the algae population and the population of brine shrimp?

  23. When the salinity of Mono Lake increased, what happened to the algae population and the population of brine shrimp? Decreased

  24. The half life of a radioactive sample is 2,000 years. If 12.5 grams of a 400 gram sample is radioactive, how old is the sample in years?

  25. The half life of a radioactive sample is 2,000 years. If 12.5 grams of a 400 gram sample is radioactive, how old is the sample in years? 12.5 g/400 g = 1/32. 1/32 = 5 half lives. 5 half lives times 2000 years = 10,000 years.

  26. Krypton-85 has a half life of 11 years. How long will it take for it to loose ¾ of its radioactivity?

  27. Krypton-85 has a half life of 11 years. How long will it take for it to loose ¾ of its radioactivity? 2 half lives represent ¾ stable daughter products. 2 times 11 = 22 years.

  28. Convert 5 calories into joules Common Units and Their Conversions

  29. Convert 5 calories into joules 5 calories x 4.184 joules/ calorie = 20.92 joules Common Units and Their Conversions

  30. A metric ton of anthracite coal can produce 10,000 MJ of electricity. Given these efficiencies, how much energy is produced as incandescent light? Heat Heat Heat 65% 35% 10% of the energy is lost to heat and sound when electricity is carried along power lines- transmission of energy is 90% efficient Incandescent light bulbs are only 5% efficient 1 metric ton of coal burned has 24,000 MJ 8,400 MJ of electricity is produced

  31. A metric ton of anthracite coal can produce 10,000 MJ of electricity. Given these efficiencies, how much energy is produced as incandescent light? 10,000 MJ x .35 *.9 * .05 = 157.5 MJ of incandescent light. Heat Heat Heat 65% 35% 10% of the energy is lost to heat and sound when electricity is carried along power lines- transmission of energy is 90% efficient Incandescent light bulbs are only 5% efficient 1 metric ton of coal burned has 24,000 MJ 8,400 MJ of electricity is produced

  32. Do these calculations violate the second law of thermodynamics? 10,000 MJ x .35 *.9 * .05 = 157.5 MJ of incandescent light. Heat Heat Heat 65% 35% 10% of the energy is lost to heat and sound when electricity is carried along power lines- transmission of energy is 90% efficient Incandescent light bulbs are only 5% efficient 1 metric ton of coal burned has 24,000 MJ 8,400 MJ of electricity is produced

  33. Do these calculations violate the second law of thermodynamics? 10,000 MJ x .35 *.9 * .05 = 157.5 MJ of incandescent light. No, energy is not lost to the system, it is transferred into heat. Heat Heat Heat 65% 35% 10% of the energy is lost to heat and sound when electricity is carried along power lines- transmission of energy is 90% efficient Incandescent light bulbs are only 5% efficient 1 metric ton of coal burned has 24,000 MJ 8,400 MJ of electricity is produced

  34. When coal is burned, most of the energy is transformed into __________ Heat Heat Heat 65% 35% 10% of the energy is lost to heat and sound when electricity is carried along power lines- transmission of energy is 90% efficient Incandescent light bulbs are only 5% efficient 1 metric ton of coal burned has 24,000 MJ 8,400 MJ of electricity is produced

  35. When coal is burned, most of the energy is transformed into __heat________ Heat Heat Heat 65% 35% 10% of the energy is lost to heat and sound when electricity is carried along power lines- transmission of energy is 90% efficient Incandescent light bulbs are only 5% efficient 1 metric ton of coal burned has 24,000 MJ 8,400 MJ of electricity is produced

  36. Which is a positive feedback loop and which is a negative feedback loop?

  37. Which is a positive feedback loop and which is a negative feedback loop? Positive Negative

  38. Is this a positive or negative feedback loop?

  39. Is this a positive or negative feedback loop? Positive

  40. Positive or negative feedback loop?

  41. Positive or negative feedback loop? Positive

  42. The Restoration Plan for the Everglades • How would the following two actions help to restore the everglades? ●Removing inland levees and canals that were used to prevent the natural flow of water and control flooding. • Water conservation: redirecting fresh water to restored wetlands instead of letting it drain to the ocean.

  43. The Restoration Plan for the Everglades • How would the following two actions help to restore the everglades? ●Removing inland levees and canals that were used to prevent the natural flow of water and control flooding. • Water conservation: redirecting fresh water to restored wetlands instead of letting it drain to the ocean. Everglades are rivers of grass that depend on water flow. Removing levees would increase the flow of fresh water.

  44. If you left the door of a refrigerator open, would the Earth get cooler?

  45. If you left the door of a refrigerator open, would the Earth get cooler? No, why?

  46. If you left the door of a refrigerator open, would the Earth get cooler? No, why? Second law of thermodynamics, think of all the heat generated to make electricity.

  47. What type of habitat is the Florida Everglades?

  48. What type of habitat is the Florida Everglades? Wetland, Riparian, river of grass, swamp

  49. In what way was the saving of Mono Lake and the Florida Everglades similar?

  50. In what way was the saving of Mono Lake and the Florida Everglades similar? Water flow was increased to both

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