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AMS the Anti-Matter Spectrometer

AMS the Anti-Matter Spectrometer. The past: 10 days on Discovery The present: 2000 The future: 3 years on the ISS STS-91 mission (June 1998) ISS 3 year mission (September 2003?). AMS in space. the first large magnetic spectrometer i.e. the first particle physics experiment and

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AMS the Anti-Matter Spectrometer

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  1. AMSthe Anti-Matter Spectrometer • The past: 10 days on Discovery • The present: 2000 • The future: 3 years on the ISS • STS-91 mission (June 1998) • ISS 3 year mission (September 2003?) Davide Vitè - MInstPhys CPhys Particle Physics 2000, Edimburgh, 12 April 2000

  2. AMS in space the first large magnetic spectrometer i.e. the first particle physics experiment and the biggest silicon system in operation to date Davide Vitè - MInstPhys CPhys Particle Physics 2000, Edimburgh, 12 April 2000

  3. AMSPhysics Goals (1) • Measurement of H, He,… C isotopes • better understanding of cosmic ray origin and propagation in the galaxy • Antiprotons and positrons • search for exotic sources • High energy photons (> 1 GeV) • complementary to satellite and ground telescopes Davide Vitè - MInstPhys CPhys Particle Physics 2000, Edimburgh, 12 April 2000

  4. Antimatter discovery:antistars, primordial antimatterExplanation for antimatter domain formation? No antimatter found:explanation for antimatter disappearance?Strong CP-violation? AMSPhysics Goals (2) Search for antimatter: primary goal of AMS, up to |Z| = 6 Antihelium could originate from primordial nucleosynthesis OR from antistars anticarbon could ONLY come from antistars Davide Vitè - MInstPhys CPhys Particle Physics 2000, Edimburgh, 12 April 2000

  5. Apparatus for the precursor flight: AMS-01 (1) • Construction and test of detector elements • assembly, integration, system tests • space qualification : outgassing, vibrations • Permanent magnet • 1.2m diameter, 80cm height, 1.9 tons • 0.15 Tesla • blocks of Nd-Fe-B of high field strength Davide Vitè - MInstPhys CPhys Particle Physics 2000, Edimburgh, 12 April 2000

  6. Apparatus for the precursor flight: AMS-01 (2) • Tracker • 4 inner planes and 2 outer planespartially equipped (~40%) • 57 modules of 11 to 15 double-sided DC silicon microstrip detectors • front-end Viking/High Dynamic Range4ms peaking time, 0.7 mW/ch • 365W allocated (out of 1 kW), 0.5 Mbit/s (out of 1), 5MHz ADC on ext. TDR Davide Vitè - MInstPhys CPhys Particle Physics 2000, Edimburgh, 12 April 2000

  7. Apparatus for the precursor flight: AMS-01 (3) • Time-of-flight - 4 planes • trigger • particle velocity and absolute charge • Anticoincidence - 16 counters • background rejection (albedo) • Aerogel Threshold Cherenkov - 2 planes • 168 10x10cm2 7cm thick solid cells Davide Vitè - MInstPhys CPhys Particle Physics 2000, Edimburgh, 12 April 2000

  8. The STS-91 Discovery missionJune 2-12, 1998 • Final tests at KSC and installation on the Shuttle Discovery • Launch: data download to JSC • slow rate, high rate • Landing at KSC: back to Europe • Beam tests (+ cosmic muons) • GSI-Darmstadt: Helium, Carbon • Cern-Geneva: charge-1 particles Davide Vitè - MInstPhys CPhys Particle Physics 2000, Edimburgh, 12 April 2000

  9. Physics from STS-91 • Search for antihelium • 2,86 million helium nuclei observed • rigidity: 1 to 140 GV • Search for antimatter • Cosmic ray proton spectra • from 0.1 to 200 GeV • Gamma ray search Davide Vitè - MInstPhys CPhys Particle Physics 2000, Edimburgh, 12 April 2000

  10. AMS on the International Space Station: AMS-02 • design finalisation and optimisation • space qualification of single elements • assembly, full space qualification, long term operation • <2 tons, 2kW, 10g, T, (micro)meteorites • installation on the Space Station (2003) • 3 to 5 years of data taking • (if we get He refill…) Davide Vitè - MInstPhys CPhys Particle Physics 2000, Edimburgh, 12 April 2000

  11. Apparatus for ISS:AMS-02 (1) • Superconducting magnet • Oxford Instruments, 1T (vs. 0.14T) • Tracker: 8 layers, fully equipped • 192 modules of 7 to 15 double-sided DC silicon microstrip detectors, 10m/30m resolution • some 200,000 readout channels • Synchrotron Radiation Detector (SRD) • x-rays from high energy electrons in B(E) • 2400 Crystal/PMT elements, 4800 channels Davide Vitè - MInstPhys CPhys Particle Physics 2000, Edimburgh, 12 April 2000

  12. Apparatus for ISS:AMS-02 (2) • RICH: Aerogel radiator, /  10-4 • cosmic ray id. up to 13 GeV per nucleon for A < 25, charge id up to Z  26 • ECAL: 3d sampling calorimeter • 80 layers of lead and fibers, 15.5 X0 • 0.5 GeV to 1 TeV, proton rej. 10-4 • TRD (Transition Radiation Detector) • 20 layers of radiators and prop. tubes Davide Vitè - MInstPhys CPhys Particle Physics 2000, Edimburgh, 12 April 2000

  13. so…… (conclusions) • Lots of • work • we still have to build it ! • physics • data in 2003 ! • (and fun)! • HEP physicists (almost) in space (more or less..) ! Davide Vitè - MInstPhys CPhys Particle Physics 2000, Edimburgh, 12 April 2000

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