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The Rise and Fall of Nazism in Germany: Key Timeline from 1918 to 1945

This timeline presents a comprehensive overview of key events in Germany from 1918 to 1945, tracing the rise of Nazism and its eventual fall. It begins with the post-World War I revolution, the establishment of a democratic republic, and the imposition of the Versailles Treaty. Key highlights include the hyperinflation crisis, Hitler's attempted coup, his rise to power, the enactment of anti-Semitic laws, and the outbreak of World War II. This historical narrative concludes with Germany’s defeat in 1945 and the ramifications of Hitler's rule.

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The Rise and Fall of Nazism in Germany: Key Timeline from 1918 to 1945

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  1. History & the Novel Germany - The Rise and Fall of Nazism Key Timeline, 1918 - 1945

  2. 1918 • Revolution from Above & Below • Democratic republic created under Socialist government (SPD) • War ends in defeat – SPD blamed 1919-20 • Extreme left & right attempt coups • Ultra democratic constitution introduced – created multiparty coalitions under PR • Versailles Treaty imposed – appeared harsh and unfair to most Germans 1923-4 • French invasion of Germany’s Ruhr • German hyper-inflation • Hitler attempted coup - briefly jailed 1924-29 • Golden years for Germany domestically under leadership of moderate Stresemann • Abroad, ‘Locarno Spirit’ brings hopes for European peace and prosperity • Hitler reorganises Nazi Party & attempts to win electoral support

  3. 1929 • Wall Street Crash In USA. • Leaves Germany near collapse once more • Growth in support for Communist Party • Rapid Growth in support for Nazi Party 1933-34 • Hitler takes power in Germany, thanks to popular and elite support • Foundations of Nazi Dictatorship created as Hitler assumes new role of ‘Fuhrer’ 1935 • Anti-Semitic Nuremberg laws introduced • Conscription introduced • Nazification of economy under the 4 year plans 1936 • Spanish Civil War - Germany joins Italy in support for Franco’s Fascists • Hitler takes back control of the Rhineland • Berlin Olympics takes place – all major powers attend

  4. 1938 • Anti Semitism stepped up in Germany with Kristallnacht • Introduction of Anti-Semitic Laws in Italy for first time – marks new alliance between powers • Nazi invasion of Austria and Czechoslovakian Sudetenland – ‘allowed’ by Britain via Munich Agreement 1939 • Nazi invasion of rest of Czechoslovakia • Nazi invasion of Poland • Outbreak of War 1939-45 • World War II ends in German defeat • - and Hitler’s suicide

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