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Understanding Volcanoes: Types, Anatomy, and Locations

Explore the fascinating world of volcanoes in Chapter 18, Section 18.3. This section covers the major components of volcanoes, including the vent, crater, and caldera. You'll learn to differentiate between shield, cinder-cone, and composite volcanoes, and the types of volcanic materials they produce, such as ash and tephra. Additionally, discover how volcanism relates to plate boundaries and hot spots. Ideal for students in Earth Science, this chapter provides a comprehensive overview of volcanic activity and its global distribution.

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Understanding Volcanoes: Types, Anatomy, and Locations

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  1. Earth Science Coach Williams Room 310B

  2. Chapter18 • Volcanoes

  3. Section18.3: Volcanoes • Objectives: • Describe the major parts of a volcano. • Compare/contrast shield, cinder-cone, and composite volcanoes. • Contrast the volcanism that occurs at plate boundaries. • Explain the relationship between volcanism and hot spots.

  4. Anatomy of a Volcano • Volcano: mountain of cooled lava • Vent: opening in crust • Crater: bowl shaped depression • Calderas: larger depressions

  5. Types of Volcanoes • Shield: broad, gentle slope. Circular base • Cinder-Cone: steep sides. Smaller • Composite: fragments layered with lava. • Larger

  6. Types of Volcanoes

  7. Volcanic Materials • Tephra: rock fragments thrown in air • Dust: <2mm • Ash: >2mm • Lapilli “little stones”: rock size • Volcanic blocks: large, angular • Volcanic bombs: large rounded • Pyroclastic flows: deadly flow of volcanic material (gas, ash, tephra)

  8. Where Volcanoes Occur • Most at plate boundaries • 80%: convergent boundaries • 15%: divergent boundaries • Hot spots: hot regions of Earth’s mantle • Volcanoes far from plate boundaries

  9. Where Volcanoes Occur

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