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Prokaryotic Cell Structure and Function

Prokaryotic Cell Structure and Function. Size of Bacteria. Average bacteria 0.5 - 2.0 um in diam. RBC is 7.5 um in diam. Pulopiscium fishelsoni , bacillus (80µm in diameter and 200-600 µm long) Thiomargarita namibiensis , sperical (100-750 µm in diameter.). Shapes of Bacteria. Coccus

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Prokaryotic Cell Structure and Function

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  1. Prokaryotic Cell Structure and Function

  2. Size of Bacteria • Average bacteria 0.5 - 2.0 um in diam. • RBC is 7.5 um in diam. • Pulopiscium fishelsoni, bacillus (80µm in diameter and 200-600 µm long) • Thiomargarita namibiensis, sperical (100-750 µm in diameter.)

  3. Shapes of Bacteria • Coccus • Bacillus • Coccobacillus • Vibrio • Spirillum • Spirochete

  4. Spherical Bacteria An average coccus is about 0.5-1.0 micrometer (µm) in diameter. A. Division in one plane. • Diplococcus: cocci arranged in pairs • Streptococcus: cocci arranged in chains • Streptococcus pneumoniae, • Streptococcus pyogenes,

  5. Spherical Bacteria B. Division in two planes. • tetrad: cocci arranged in squares of 4 C. Division in three planes • Sarcina: cocci in arranged cubes of 8 sarcina

  6. Spherical Bacteria D. Division in random planes • Staphylococcus: cocci arranged in irregular, often grape-like clusters

  7. Rod-Shaped Bacteria • Diplobacillus • Coccobacillus • Streptobacillus

  8. Spiral-Shaped Bacteria • Spirochete • Spirillum

  9. Cell Structures • Cell Membrane • Cytoplasm • Cell Wall • Components external to cell wall • Flagella • Pili • Capsule/ Slime layer

  10. Cell Membrane • Hydrophobic Proteins • Bilayer Phospholipid • Triclosan-enoyl transferase • Hopanoids

  11. Membrane proteins • Structural support • Detection of environmental signals • ToxR- Vibrio cholera • Secretion of virulence factor and communication signals • NodI and NodJ-Rhizobia

  12. Membrane lipids • Phosphoryl heads • Negative-phosphatidate • Phosphatidylglycerol • Cardiolipin • Positive-Phosphatidylethanolamine • DNA interaction • transporter protein • Fatty acids • Saturated straight chain (6-22) • Unsaturated • Oleic acid (cis) • Cyclopropane

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