1. Child DevelopmentUnit 2 Part 3Child Development Unit 2 Part 3 Pregnancy and Prenatal Development Developed by Jean Ann Sadler, Southside High School

2. Unit 2: Frameworks 2.1 Match terms related to pregnancy and prenatal development 2.2 List early symptoms of pregnancy 2.3 Explain physical changes to the mother during pregnancy 2.4 Name discomforts and complications of pregnancy 2.5 Describe prenatal tests used to determine health of the mother and the fetus 2.6 List STD’s most likely to affect the health of the unborn baby and mother 2.7 Describe the three stages of prenatal development 2.8 Name factors that are harmful to the development of the unborn child 2.9 Describe types of care for the mother and baby’s health 2.10 Name risks due to teen pregnancy 2.11 Discuss costs of teen pregnancies to society 2.12 State plans that need to be made prior to the birth of a baby 2.13 List careers related to pregnancy and prenatal development Extra Unit Unit 2 Part 1 Unit 2 Part 2 Unit 2 Part 3

3. Early signs of pregnancy • A missed period 2.2

4. Early signs of pregnancy • A missed period • Fullness in lower abdomen 2.2

5. Early signs of pregnancy • A missed period • Fullness in lower abdomen • Feeling tired, drowsy or faint 2.2

6. Early signs of pregnancy • A missed period • Fullness in lower abdomen • Feeling tired, drowsy or faint • More frequent urination 2.2

7. Early signs of pregnancy • A missed period • Fullness in lower abdomen • Feeling tired, drowsy or faint • More frequent urination • Tenderness in breasts 2.2

8. Early signs of pregnancy • A missed period • Fullness in lower abdomen • Feeling tired, drowsy or faint • More frequent urination • Tenderness in breasts • Nausea (morning sickness) 2.2

9. Pregnant? • Take a pregnancy test • See a doctor • Obstetrician – specializes in pregnancy and birth

10. Medical Care During Pregnancy • Doctor • Charges one lump sum for prenatal care • Several check-ups (at least one a month) • Will deliver the baby • 6 week check-up

11. Medical Care During Pregnancy • Hospital bill • For hospital stay • Anesthesiologist • For spinal or epidural • Pediatrician • For evaluation of newborn • Circumcision

12. Vitals Medical history Pelvic measurement Urine check The Initial Exam • Blood tests • Checks immunity to rubella • Due date

13. When is the baby due? • Add 7 days to day 1 of your last menstrual cycle • Go back 3 months Example: Day 1 = January 13 + (7 days) = January 20 – (3 months) = October 20 Day 1 = March 28 + (7 days) = April 4 – (3 months) = January 4

14. Normal Discomforts of Pregnancy • Nausea (morning sickness) • Sleepiness • Heartburn • Shortness of breath • Varicose veins • Muscle cramps • Lower back pain 2.3, 2.4

15. Complications Associated with Pregnancy • Vaginal bleeding • Unusual weight gain • Excessive thirst • Reduced or painful urination • Severe abdominal pain • Persistent headaches • Severe vomiting • Fever • Swelling of face, hands, or ankles • Blurred vision or dizziness • Prolonged backache • Increased vaginal mucous 2.4

16. A Healthy Pregnancy • Nutrition • Single most important factor in prenatal care • Nutrients are necessary for mom and her unborn baby 2.9

17. A Healthy Pregnancy • Weight Gain Weight of average baby 7-8 pounds Placenta 1-2 pounds Amniotic fluid 1 1/2 – 2 pounds Increased size of uterus 2 pounds Increase in breast tissue 1 pound Increase in blood volume 1 ½ - 3 pounds Increase in fat stores 5 pounds Increase in body fluids 5-7 pounds Total 24-30 pounds 2.9

18. A Healthy Pregnancy • Rest • Take frequent breaks 2.9

19. A Healthy Pregnancy • Moderate Exercise 2.9

20. A Healthy Pregnancy • Hygiene • Encourages relaxation and sleep 2.9

21. A Healthy Pregnancy • Maternity clothes • Loose enough to allow for freedom of movement • Stretch to allow room for growth • May have a stretch panel for comfort • Low-heeled shoes with good support 2.9

22. Things to Consider • Maternity leave • Paternity leave • Family medical leave • Federal law • More than 50 employees • 12 weeks no pay • Job guarantee 2.12

23. Things to Consider • Child care • One parent stay home • Grandparent or other relative • Family day care • Day care center • Nanny 2.12

24. Things to Consider • Parenting views • Discipline • Goals for children • Religious beliefs • schedules 2.12

25. Things to Consider • Other children • Adjustment/changes • Reactions 2.12

26. Things to Consider • Breast or bottle feed • Breast - advantages • Perfect nutrients • Provides some immunity (colostrum) • Reduces risk of allergies • Fewer digestive upsets • Involution • Immediately available • Free 2.12

27. Things to Consider • Breast or bottle feed • Breast - disadvantages • Only mom can feed • Feed more often (every 2 hours) • May be painful • May be difficult (pumping) • Not enough milk 2.12

28. Things to Consider • Breast or bottle feed • Bottle - advantages • Anyone can feed the baby • Mom has more freedom • Eliminates concern for mom’s diet • Feed less often (3 hours) 2.12

29. Things to Consider • Breast or bottle feed • Bottle - disadvantages • Expensive • No natural immunities • Greater chance of developing allergies • Risk of propping bottle or no close physical contact 2.12 Breast Milk and Formula Basics

30. Things to Consider • Choose a pediatrician • Doctor who specializes in treating children • Consider • Location • Office hours • Fees • How emergencies are handled • Doctor’s philosophy 2.12

31. Things to Consider • Clothing • May buy new • May buy used • May borrow 2.12

32. Things to Consider • Furniture and Equipment • For travel • For baby’s room • For other places the baby may stay 2.12

33. Things to Consider • Space • A room (or place) for the baby • Storage for all of the supplies and equipment 2.12

34. Things to Consider • Expenses • Medical care • Maternity clothes • Clothing, equipment and supplies • Formula • Furnishings for baby’s room • Child care 2.12

35. To reduce expenses… • Comparison shop • Borrow • Share with relatives and friends • Yard sales • Secondhand stores