CONCEPT MAP– Identify the loctions on the celestial sphere indicated by stars

1. CONCEPT MAP– Identify the loctions on the celestial sphere indicated by stars

2. December 2nd, 2011 Honors Astronomy ESSENTIAL QUESTION: Define the apparent location of the sun on the C.S. at equinoxes and solstices LEARNING OBJECTIVE: Be able to diagram and define the solstices and equinoxes . WARM UP: Next Slide AGENDA • Warm up • Two concept maps: Earths Movements and the Celestial Sphere • Task Analysis Seasons/ worksheet Seasons • Discussions: Seasons • ?phases of the Moon ASSIGNMENTS: Observations due today! 15% off STAR PARTY ON TODAY Starts at 6:30

3. If our solar system were located at the exact opposite side of the galaxy, would we be able to see the Andromeda Galaxy? • No, the stars in our galaxy would obscure Andromeda. • No, Andromeda would then be so far away that its light would be too weak to detect. • Yes, but we would see the other side of Andromeda. • Yes, but it would appear in a different constellation. • Yes, the night sky would appear exactly the same

4. December 2nd, 2011 Honors Astronomy FORMATIVE ASSESSMENT: . Teacher led Questions on student’s understanding of today’s lesson. VOCABULARY: celestial sphere. Constellations,asterism Magnitude, Intensity, Angular sizes, Small Angle Formula, Parsec, elevation, zenith, meridian, equatorial, seasons, phases. . PRACTICE: Solar Vs Solar Day Task Analysis - Seasons ASSIGNMENTS: Observations due today! Tomorrow 5% off NOTES:.

5. December 1st, 2011 Honors Astronomy ESSENTIAL QUESTION: Define the apparent location of the sun on the C.S. at equinoxes and solstices LEARNING OBJECTIVE: Be able to diagram and define the solstices and equinoxes . WARM UP: Next Slide AGENDA • Warm up • Two concept maps: Earths Movements and the Celestial Sphere • Task Analysis Seasons/ worksheet Seasons • Discussions: Seasons ASSIGNMENTS: Observations due today! Tomorrow 15% off STAR PARTY ON FRIDAY DEC 2nd Starts at 6:30

6. It takes a pot of soup a few minutes to heat up on a stove. Approximately how long does it take for the Sun to warm up the Earth in spring or summer? • Several hours • About half a day • About 1 full day • 2 weeks • Several months

7. December 1st, 2011 Honors Astronomy FORMATIVE ASSESSMENT: . Teacher led Questions on student’s understanding of today’s lesson. VOCABULARY: celestial sphere. Constellations,asterism Magnitude, Intensity, Angular sizes, Small Angle Formula, Parsec, elevation, zenith, meridian, equatorial, seasons, phases. . PRACTICE: Solar Vs Solar Day Task Analysis - Seasons ASSIGNMENTS: Observations due today! Tomorrow 5% off NOTES:.

8. In summer, in the northern hemisphere, what is the Sun’s daily motion? • Rises in the east, sets in the west • Rises north of east, sets south of west • Rises north of east, sets north of west • A little up, a little down, a little left, a little right

9. November 29, 2011 Honors Astronomy FORMATIVE ASSESSMENT: . Teacher led Questions on student’s understanding of today’s lesson. VOCABULARY: celestial sphere. Constellations,asterism Magnitude, Intensity, Angular sizes, Small Angle Formula, Parsec, elevation, zenith, meridian, equatorial, seasons, phases. . PRACTICE: Solar Vs Solar Day Task Analysis - Seasons ASSIGNMENTS: Observations due today! Tomorrow 5% off NOTES:.

10. November 29th, 2011 Honors Astronomy ESSENTIAL QUESTION: Why does the tilt of Earth’s axis cause our seasons? LEARNING OBJECTIVE: To understand the differences between direct and indirect sunlight as it affects the temperatures on Earth. WARM UP: Next Slide AGENDA • Warm up • Curiosity – What and How • Task Analysis Seasons/ worksheet Seasons • Discussions: Seasons ASSIGNMENTS: Observations due today! Tomorrow 5% off

11. I live in the United States, and during my first trip to Argentina I saw many constellations that I’d never seen before. • Yes, the skies in Argentina are notable for their clarity, therefore you can see many more stars there than in the U.S. • Yes, Argentina’s southern location affords us a different view of the night sky from what is visible in the U.S. • No, the skies are exactly the same in both Argentina and the U.S. • No, the constellations are upside down so they appear different but they are actually the same. • This might be true if the visit occurred in the winter when different constellations are visible than in the summer.

12. November 29, 2011 Honors Astronomy FORMATIVE ASSESSMENT: . Teacher led Questions on student’s understanding of today’s lesson. VOCABULARY: celestial sphere. Constellations,asterism Magnitude, Intensity, Angular sizes, Small Angle Formula, Parsec, elevation, zenith, meridian, equatorial, seasons, phases. . PRACTICE: Solar Vs Solar Day Task Analysis - Seasons ASSIGNMENTS: Observations due today! Tomorrow 5% off NOTES:.

13. Per. 1 , 3 , 5 What the differences between diurnal and annual motion? Period 6 How do the shadows of a stick vary from hour to hour and season to season?

14. November 28th, 2011 Honors Astronomy ESSENTIAL QUESTION: Why does the tilt of Earth’s axis cause our seasons? LEARNING OBJECTIVE: To understand the differences between sidereal and solar days WARM UP: Next Slide AGENDA • Warm up • Task Analysis Seasons • Worksheet: ASSIGNMENTS: Do not forget : Observations due tomorrow!

15. November 28th, 2011 Honors Astronomy If you had a very fast spaceship you could travel to the celestial sphere in about a month. • Yes, and the NASA Voyager spacecraft has already done so. • Yes, but once such a spacecraft crosses the celestial sphere it can never return. • No, the celestial sphere is so far away that, even moving at close to the speed of light, it would take tens of thousands of years to reach. • This statement doesn’t make sense because the celestial sphere is a concept and not a physical object. • No, the celestial sphere moves away from us at the speed of light so we can never catch up with it.

16. November 28th, 2011 Honors Astronomy FORMATIVE ASSESSMENT: . Teacher led Questions on student’s understanding of today’s lesson. VOCABULARY: celestial sphere. Constellations,asterism Magnitude, Intensity, Angular sizes, Small Angle Formula, Parsec, elevation, zenith, meridian, equatorial, seasons, phases. . PRACTICE: Solar Vs Solar Day Task Analysis - Seasons ASSIGNMENTS: Do not forget : Observations due tomorrow! NOTES:.

17. Sketch out the drawing below and indicate the following: Zenith, Horizon, Meridian, Altitude, If this is Orlando, Indicate where the North Star would be (roughly) and Indicate the angle and path at which stars would rise.

18. Perihelion Inferior Conjunction Aphelion Opposition Conjunction EARTH Superior Conjunction

19. FOLLOW ARE CONCEPT TEST SLIDES TO HELP YOU WITH THIS UNIT

20. Objects are located on the celestial sphere in units of: • Miles • Kilometers • Light years • Parsecs • Degrees

21. The angular size of your fist, held at arms length, is about: • 1 degree • 10 degrees • 5 inches • 10 inches

22. The apparent size of the moon in the sky is: • About ½ degree • About 5 degrees • About 10 degrees • About a mile • About 2000 miles (1/4 the earth’s diameter)

23. What makes Polaris a special star? • It is the brightest star in the sky • It is always directly overhead, no matter where you are • It is near the axis about which the sky turns • Its azimuth (direction) is always due north • C andD

24. When an astronomer describes the altitude of something in the local sky, he or she means: • How high something is in the sky, in units of miles or kilometers • How high something is in the sky, in units of degrees • The direction toward something– north, south, east, or west

25. During the year the Sun appears in front of different groups of stars. What are these called? • Circumpolar stars • Circumsolar stars • The constellations of the zodiac • The tropical constellations • Solstice stars

26. When an astronomer describes the azimuth of something in the local sky, he or she means: • How high something is in the sky, in units of miles or kilometers • How high something is in the sky, in units of degrees • The direction toward something– north, south, east, or west

27. Why are different stars seen in different seasons? • The tilt of the Earth’s axis • Stars move during the year • As the Earth orbits the Sun we see the Sun in front of different constellations • Because that’s how horoscopes work • Precession

28. Why are the Moon and planets seen only in the constellations of the zodiac? • The planets all revolve in the same direction around the Sun • The planets all orbit in nearly the same plane, and the zodiacal constellations are in that plane. • The constellations in the zodiac are the oldest, and the planets have been known from ancient times • None of the above reasons

29. When might you see the planet Jupiter in the Big Dipper? • Summer • Winter • Only after midnight • Never

30. In the northern hemisphere When is the Sun directly overhead at noon? • March 21 • June 21 • July 21 • Never

31. When it is summer in the United States, in Australia it is: • Winter • Summer • It is always summer in Australia

32. What causes the seasons? • In summer the (whole) Earth is closer to the Sun • In summer the tilt of the Earth’s axis makes the part of the Earth we are on closer to the Sun • In summer the Sun is up for more hours • In summer the Sun climbs higher in the sky so its rays hit the ground more directly • C and D

33. If the tilt of the Earth’s axis to its orbital plane was 40 degrees, instead of 23 ½, but its distance from the Sun remained the same, what would happen to the seasons? • They wouldn’t change much • They would become less extreme–winter and summer would be more alike • They would become more extreme–winter colder and summer warmer • The whole Earth would get colder • The whole Earth would get warmer

34. It takes a pot of soup a few minutes to heat up on a stove. Approximately how long does it take for the Sun to warm up the Earth in spring or summer? • Several hours • About half a day • About 1 full day • 2 weeks • Several months

35. What makes the North Star special? • It was the first star to be cataloged by ancient astronomers. • It lies close to the north celestial pole and is therefore very useful for navigation. • It is the brightest star in the entire sky. • It is the brightest star in the northern sky. • It is visible from both the northern and southern hemispheres.

36. Because of precession, someday it will be summer everywhere on Earth at the same time. • Yes, precession will naturally circularize the Earth’s orbit. • Yes, precession will eventually reduce the Earth’s axis tilt. • Yes, precession will make summers occur at the same time, but in what is now the northern spring and southern fall. • Yes, but it would take tens of thousands of years, longer than current human history, for this to occur. • No, precession only changes the direction in which the North Pole points, and has nothing to do with the seasons.