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Comprehensive Overview of Anesthetic Equipment: Functions, Types, and Maintenance

This chapter delves into the essential anesthetic equipment used for administering inhalation anesthetics, highlighting their purpose, function, and maintenance. It covers various types of endotracheal tubes, including Murphy and Cole tubes, their properties, and materials used in their construction. Additionally, the chapter explains the components of endotracheal tubes, laryngoscopes, masks, and anesthetic chambers. The importance of precision in delivering anesthetic agents and the role of each device in ensuring patient safety during anesthesia procedures is emphasized.

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Comprehensive Overview of Anesthetic Equipment: Functions, Types, and Maintenance

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  1. Chapter 4 • Anesthetic Equipment The purpose, function, use, and maintenance of machines and equipment used to administer inhalation anesthetics

  2. Endotracheal Tubes (ET Tubes) • Flexible tube placed in the trachea • Delivers anesthetic gases directly from the anesthetic machine to the lungs • Advantages Open airway Less anatomical dead space Precision administration of anesthetic agent Prevents pulmonary aspiration Responds to respiratory emergencies Monitors respirations

  3. Types of Endotracheal Tubes • Murphy tubes • Beveled end and side holes • Possible cuff • Cole tubes • No side hole or cuff • Abrupt decrease in diameter of the tube • Used in birds and reptiles

  4. Types of Endotracheal Tubes (Cont’d)

  5. Properties of Endotracheal Tubes • Materials • Polyvinyl chloride: clear and stiffer • Red rubber: flexible and less traumatic, absorbent, and may kink or collapse • Silicone: pliable, strong, less irritating, resist collapse • Length • Standard lengths • Scale marks distance from patient end (centimeters) • Size • Measured by internal diameter (ID) • Range from 1 mm to 30 mm

  6. Parts of the Endotracheal Tube • Patient end • Machine end • Connector • Cuff • Pilot balloon and valve

  7. Parts of the Endotracheal Tube (Cont’d)

  8. Laryngoscope • Used to increase the visibility of the larynx while placing an ET tube • Parts • Handle containing batteries • Blade to depress tongue and epiglottis • Light source to illuminate the throat • Sizes • Small animal 0 to 5; large animal up to 18-inch blade • Types • Miller blades • McIntosh blades

  9. Laryngoscopes (Cont’d)

  10. Masks • Cone-shaped devices used to administer oxygen and anesthetic gases to nonintubated patients • Used for induction and maintenance of anesthesia in very small animals • Plastic or rubber • Variety of diameters and lengths • Rubber gasket

  11. Anesthetic Mask

  12. Anesthetic Chambers • Clear, aquarium-like boxes used to induce general anesthesia • Used in feral, vicious, or intractable animals to reduce stress • Acrylic or Perspex • Removable top with two ports • Cannot monitor patient closely

  13. Anesthetic Chamber (Cont’d)

  14. Anesthetic Machines • Used to deliver precise amounts of oxygen and volatile anesthetic under controlled conditions

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