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Tissue Repair

Tissue Repair. Ways of Repairing Tissue. Tissue repair depends on the type of tissue damaged and the severity of the injury . Regeneration : replacement of destroyed tissue with the same kind of tissue.

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Tissue Repair

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  1. Tissue Repair

  2. Ways of Repairing Tissue Tissue repair depends on the type of tissue damaged and the severity of the injury. • Regeneration: replacement of destroyed tissue with the same kind of tissue. • Fibrosis: involves the proliferation of fibrous connective tissue often called scar tissue.

  3. Tissue Repair has 3 steps • Inflammation • Organization • Two possiblities: • Regeneration • Fibrosis

  4. Step 1: Inflammation • Trauma causes injured cells to release inflammatory chemicals that cause capillaries to dilate. • Capillaries become permeable releasing antibodies and clotting proteins that stop the loss of blood and walls in the wound. • The walled in wound is isolated from other tissues • The area of the clot exposed to the air forms a scab

  5. Step 2: Organization • During this phase the blood clot is replaced by granulation tissue • Granulation tissue is a delicate pink tissue composed of a network of capillaries • Capillaries are fragile and bleed freely which is demonstrated when someone picks a scab • Fibroblasts and collagen fibers bridge the gap and have contractile properties that pull the wound together. • Macrophages digest the original blood clot

  6. Granulation Tissue http://drwheatgrass.com/conditions/woundhealing/skingraft2.htm#f5

  7. Step 3: If Regeneration… • In pure infections (a pimple or sore throat) healing = regeneration. • During organization the surface epithelium begins to regenerate growing under the scab. The scab eventually detaches. • The scar may be invisible or visible as a thin white line, depending on the severity of the wound.

  8. Step 3: If Fibrosis… • Destructive/severe infections lead to scarring/fibrosis. • Granulation tissue becomes a permanent fibrous tissue patch(scar tissue) that is resistant to infection • Over months the fibrous mass becomes smaller and compact. The scar appears pale and shiny, made of collagen fibers.

  9. Scar after fibrosis http://drwheatgrass.com/conditions/woundhealing/skingraft2.htm#f5

  10. Step 3: If Fibrosis… • It is strong but lacks flexibility and elasticity. It cannot perform the normal functions of the tissue it replaced. • Scar tissues create blockages in the heart, hampers the muscle’s ability to expand and contract. • It causes adhesions in abdominal surgery. The adhesions prevent the normal shifting of loops of the intestines causing obstructions. • They can also immobilize joints when adhesions exist in connective tissue.

  11. Capability of regeneration according to tissue:

  12. Capability of regeneration according to tissue:

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