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Judicial Branch

Judicial Branch. History. Articles of Confederation Each state had their own Judicial Branch Never had power in other states Evolved into what we have now Power To review laws made by the legislative branch and review acts of the executive branch

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Judicial Branch

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  1. Judicial Branch

  2. History • Articles of Confederation • Each state had their own Judicial Branch • Never had power in other states • Evolved into what we have now • Power • To review laws made by the legislative branch and review acts of the executive branch • Determine whether those laws and acts follow the rules of the Constitution

  3. The Big Leagues • Supreme Court • Highest Court • First was 6 Justices in 1789 • 7 in 1807 • 9 in 1837 • 10 in1863 • Back to 9 in 1869

  4. Criminal Cases • Breaking the Law • Procedure • Arrest with probable cause • Jailed or released on bail • Arraignment, plea entered (probable cause is reviewed) • Court Date Set • Trial is Conducted • Verdict (guilty verdict me be appealed)

  5. Civil Cases • Disagreement between two parties • Plaintiff files a complaint • Case I heard by a Judge or a Judge and a jury • Case can be appealed

  6. Cases for Juveniles • Under 18 • Judges have greater discretion than in adult cases • Juvenile may be tried as an adult for serious crimes

  7. Dual Court System • Organization of Court System • State & Federal Systems • Purpose • So that the Supreme Court is not the only one hearing cases • Would take forever if we they were

  8. Jurisdictions You might want to also highlight of underline this • Original • Authority of a court to hold a first trial • Appellate • Authority of a superior court to hear a case which has been tried in a lower court • Limited • Authority over certain cases

  9. Judges and Jury This is a question on the test • U.S Supreme Court • No Jury, 9 Justices • U.S. Court of Appeals • No Jury, Justices • U.S. District Court • Judge and Jury

  10. Supreme Court • They interpret the law • Highest in the land • How long are they a Justice? • How old? • $208,100 a year

  11. Court of Appeals • Decides appeals from the district courts • United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit

  12. 94 District Courts • The 94 U.S. judicial districts are organized into 12 regional circuits, each of which has a United States court of appeals. A court of appeals hears appeals from the district courts located within its circuit, as well as appeals from decisions of federal administrative agencies. • In addition, the Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit has nationwide jurisdiction to hear appeals in specialized cases, such as those involving patent laws and cases decided by the Court of International Trade and the Court of Federal Claims.

  13. Virginia Supreme Court • Virginia Supreme Court • Virginia’s Court of Last Resort • Justices, No Jury • Appellate and limited original jurisdiction Might want to highlight of copy me

  14. Virginia Court of Appeals of Virginia • Court of Appeals of Virginia • Intermediate Appellate Court • Judges, No Jury

  15. Virginia Circuit Court • Circuit Courts • Judge and Jury • Original Jurisdiction for felony criminal and civil cases • Appellate jurisdiction from General District Court

  16. Might be a good idea to copy this or Highligh Virginia Courts • General District Courts • Original Jurisdiction of misdemeanors and civil cases • Judge only, No Jury

  17. Juvenile and Domestic Relations District Court • Family and juvenile cases • Judge only, No jury

  18. Virginia Magistrates • Magistrates • Issues warrants • Subpoenas • Arrest warrants • Set bail

  19. Court Cases In The Supreme Court http://www.landmarkcases.org/

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