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Reflections on Water Boards –Access to Water. Challenges, Constraints and Limitations. Landscape. Water Services Act Absence of independent regulator 12 active Water Boards 3 Recent disestablishments DWA institutional oversight. Water Boards. Operational Area
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Reflections on Water Boards –Access to Water Challenges, Constraints and Limitations
Landscape • Water Services Act • Absence of independent regulator • 12 active Water Boards • 3 Recent disestablishments • DWA institutional oversight
Water Boards • Operational Area • Local government WSA -harness capacity of WB as WSP • Bulk Water &Sanitation • Implementing / supporting/ consulting agent
Access to water - Threats • Water -quantity and quality – universal coverage -economic growth and fundamental development goals - supply, demand, affordability - augment supply – full cycle model & alternatives - environmental and ecological sustainability - Unaccounted for water / non- revenue water • Infrastructure • Operation • Maintenance • Expansion • Costs • Distance
Access to Water – Threats (continued) • Financial viability - WB • Budget sensitivity • Income Streams (Bulk Customers) • Electricity and chemical costs • Tariff setting • Infrastructure costs – ability to raise funds
Challenges, Constraints & Limitations • Governance – Ministerial Directives • AG’s Summary • Independent regulation tariff setting, cost of raw water, treatment costs, • Performance monitoring
Challenges, Constraints & Limitations Continued • Acid mine drainage • Managerial and technical skills • Cross sectoral planning • Efficiencies • Economies of scale • Monopolies