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Types of Teams and Characteristics of Effective Work Groups

Discover different types of teams, such as self-managed work teams and cross-functional teams, and learn about the characteristics that make work groups effective. Explore topics like virtual teams, top management teams, and conflict resolution methods.

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Types of Teams and Characteristics of Effective Work Groups

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  1. Chapter 13 Teams, Groups, and Teamwork

  2. Self-Managed Work Teams • Responsible for an entire work process or segment that delivers a product or service • Members are typically generalists, and receive training in team skills • Empowered to share many management and leadership functions • High caliber employees required

  3. Project Teams • Do not follow typical chain of command • Staffed with people from functions • Project managers coordinate people and material needed for mission • Members can be from same or different functions • A task force is a smaller project working against a deadline

  4. Cross-Functional Team • Blends the talents from different specialties to accomplish a task • Members must develop broad perspective • Typical purpose is product development • Team leader needs technical and process skills • Collaboration within group is needed

  5. Top ManagementTeams • The team makes big decisions collaboratively to function as true team. • A few companies use co-CEO setup, with separate responsibilities for both. • Power can be shared by one executive being CEO and the other chairperson. • Criticism: one executive should have final say.

  6. Virtual Teams • Collaborate electronically rather than face to face meetings. • Collaboration software and videoconferencing are quite helpful. • Intranet might be used for the project. • Useful for cross-cultural teams and geographically dispersed workers. • Trusting each other is crucial.

  7. Characteristics of Effective Work Group • Enriched job design • A feeling of empowerment • Interdependence of tasks and rewards • Right mix and size (small enough to be fed on two large pizzas!) • Emotional intelligence (build relationships, manage emotion well)

  8. Characteristics of Effective Work Group, continued • Support for the work group • Effective processes within the group (such as high team spirit) • Follows processes and procedures • Familiarity with jobs, coworkers, and the environment (relevant experience is helpful) Effective leadership is key supplement.

  9. Stages of Group Development Stage 1: Forming (learn the tasks) Stage 2: Storming (shakedown period, often with coalitions and cliques) Stage 3: Norming (group standards of conduct emerge) Stage 4: Performing (focus on tasks) Stage 5: Adjourning (goodbye for now)

  10. Managerial Actions for Building Teamwork • Agree on what constitutes success. • Compete against external enemy. • Promote the norm of collaboration, including use of teamwork words. • Use consensus decision-making. • Feed group new information. • Use some in-group jargon.

  11. Managerial Actions to Promote Teamwork, continued • Minimize micromanagement • Reward team as well as individuals. • Publish team book with one-page biographies. • Show respect for team members. • Send members to outdoor training (cooking gourmet meals is in). Pick and choose from tactics 1-11.

  12. Task-Related Aspects of Team Play • Possess and share technical expertise. • Assume responsibility for problems. • Be willing to commit to team goals. • Be able to see the big picture. • Be willing to ask tough questions. • Be willing to try something new.

  13. People-RelatedAspects of Team Play • Trust team members. • Share credit. • Recognize the interests and achievements of others. • Listen actively and share information. • Give and receive criticism. • Don’t rain on his or her parade.

  14. Potential Problems of Team and Groups • Group polarization (may shift to extreme position) • Social loafing (shirking responsibility) • Limited accountability (group is rarely blamed for failures) • Career retardation (some individualism needed for career success)

  15. Positive Consequences of Conflict • In limited doses conflict can increase: • Creativity (Talents and abilities rise.) • Effort (Spurred to new heights of performance.) • Diagnostic information (What went wrong?) • Group cohesion (A nice fight helps.)

  16. Methods of ConflictResolution • Forcing (dominate other side) • Accommodation (appease other side) • Sharing (results in compromise) • Collaboration (win-win to fully satisfy both sides; confrontation and problem solving) • Avoiding (indifference to both parties)

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