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Analyzing Optical Properties and Carbon Metabolism in Northeastern USA Estuary Systems

rinaldo-cahill avatar
rinaldo-cahill
14 diapositives · 266 Views · Nov 15, 2014

This study investigates the interplay between freshwater inputs and carbonate dynamics in the Gulf of Maine’s coastal waters, focusing on four significant river systems. The research aims to develop techniques for extracting metabolic information from inherent optical properties, ultimately allowing satellite-based measurements. Initial observations reveal distinct bio-optical and metabolic characteristics among the rivers, with contrasting autotrophic and heterotrophic responses. The ongoing observational program includes seasonal sampling and clustering analyses to relate water quality metrics and metabolic indicators, facilitating better understanding of carbon cycling in estuarine contexts.

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  1. Contrasting inherent optical properties and carbon metabolism in four northeastern (USA) estuary-plume systems D. Vandemark, NASA/GSFC & UNH J. Salisbury, C. Hunt, J. Campbell, Univ. of New Hampshire W. McGillis, Columbia University - LDEO

  2. Program Goals • Examine freshwater control upon Gulf of Maine coastal waters in terms of carbonate, nutrient, and productivity dynamics • Develop techniques to retrieve metabolic information from inherent optical properties and eventually from satellite measurements • This talk : first observations • Contrast amongst four river systems • Empirically relate bio-optical & metabolic terms using clustering analysis

  3. Observational program • UNH/COOA : NOAA-sponsored (COTS) • Flo-thru suite: physical + fluor. + IOP + metabolic (pCO2,O2) variables • Discrete sampling and phys. + IOP profiling along salinity gradient • Four rivers sampled seasonally in Gulf of Maine • Hudson river also sampled 7/1-7/2, 2004 (see McGillis) 2004 COOA Gulf of Maine measurement program

  4. COOA shipboard measurements R/V Gulf Challenger – majority of 2004 data set Camden Belle -26’ riverine sampling vessel Profiler: AC-9, AC-S, fl_CDOM,CHL,PEB, and CTD Fast-rate CO2 equilibrator Infrared CO2 gas analyzer Flo-thru O2, fl_Chl, fl_CDOM, beam_c, T, S

  5. Four rivers in four days - summer climatology Acadia • varied watersheds, 3 of GoMaine’s largest sources • Sampled plumes -> 0 psu, 27-30 July 2004 Boston

  6. Four rivers in four days

  7. Contrasts between rivers July 2004 CDOM surrogate for DOC

  8. Contrasts between rivers July 2004 Relatively high DIN loads

  9. Contrasts between rivers July 2004 120 110 100 90 80 70 Atm BOUNDS Merrimac – autotrophic Pleasant – strongly heterotrophic

  10. Study in progress • Diverse watersheds conditions in optical, trophic, and gas flux terms • Some consistency with modeled basin attributes • Coming work - conservative mixing vs. localized processing along salinity gradient and vs. season • …including profile & discrete data: nutrients, TA, pH, DIC, DOC, DON, POC, HPLC

  11. Covariance between surface variables Merrimac River

  12. Classification via clustering analysis - end goal is to link satellite retrievals to ecosystem metabolism 4 Observables [ T, fl_CDOM, fl_CHL, c660 ]i = 1,n Objective clustering n=30000 (S < 31 psu) Metabolic indicator? O2 pCO2 Present result: 22 classes

  13. Surface variables under study red=training set

  14. Clustering results n=22 (classes sorted by pCO2)