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Larynx --------------------------------------------

Larynx --------------------------------------------. Functions: 1- Respiratory duct 2- Swallowing 3- Phonation. Position: C 3 - C 6 Hyoid : C 3 Thyroid : C 4 , C 5 Cricoid : C 6. Relations --------------------------------------------------. Ant.: Infrahyoid mm.

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Larynx --------------------------------------------

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  1. Larynx-------------------------------------------- Functions: 1- Respiratory duct 2- Swallowing 3- Phonation

  2. Position: C3 - C6 Hyoid : C3 Thyroid : C4 , C5 Cricoid : C6

  3. Relations-------------------------------------------------- Ant.: Infrahyoid mm. Thyroid lobes Post.: Pharynx Lat.: Carotid sheath

  4. Structure of Larynx----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1- Cartilages 2- Joints 3- Ligaments and Membranes 4- Muscles 5- Vessels 6- Nerves

  5. Cartilages : ------------------------------------------ Single: 1-Thyroid 2-Epiglottis 3-Cricoid Pair: 1-Arytenoid 2-Corniculate 3-Cuneiform

  6. Joints---------------------------------------------------------------------------Joints--------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1- Cricothyroid joint Synovial Transverse axis 2- Cricoarytenoid joint Synovial Rotation - Gliding 3- Arycorniculate joint Cartilaginous

  7. Ligaments and Membranes------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Extrinsic: 1- Thyrohyoid membrane 2- Hyoepiglottic lig. 3- Thyroepiglottic lig. 4- Cricotracheal lig. Intrinsic: 1- Quadrangular membrane a- Aryepiglottic fold b- Vestibular lig. 2- Cricothyroid membrane a- Conus elasticus b- Cricothyroid lig. c- Vocal lig.

  8. Muscles------------------------------------------------------------------Muscles------------------------------------------------------------------ Extrinsic: 1-Infrahyoid mm. 2- Inf. pharyngeal constrictor m. 3- Stylopharyngeus m. 4- Palatopharyngeus m. Intrinsic: 1- Cricothyroid m. 2- Post. Cricoarytenoid m. 3- Lat. Cricoarytenoid m. 4- Transverse arytenoid m. 5- Oblique arytenoid m. 6- Aryepiglottic m. 7- Thyroarytenoid m. 8- Thyroepiglottic m. 9- Vocalis m.

  9. Function of muscles Tension : Cricothyroid m. Dilatation : Post. Cricoarytenoid m. Clossing or narrowing : Lat. Cricoarytenoid m. Sphinctric action : others mm.

  10. Vocal fold & Vestibular fold

  11. Quiet respiration

  12. Forced inspiration

  13. Phonation

  14. Effort closure

  15. Swallowing

  16. Sex differences Longitudinal diameter: 44 mm 36 mmTransverse diameter: 43 mm 41 mm Sagittaldiameter: 36 mm 26 mm Rima glottidis: 23 mm 17 mm Male Female

  17. Sup. Thyroid a. Sup. Laryngeal a. Inf. Thyroid a. Inf. Laryngeal a.

  18. Nerves 1- Sup. Laryngeal n. - Ext. br. Cricothyroid m. - Int. br. Mucosa in the sup. part of vocal fold 2- Inf. Laryngeal n. (Recurrent laryngeal n.) - Laryngeal mm. except Cricothyroid m. - Mucosa in the inf. part of vocal fold

  19. Tracheotomy

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