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The larynx

The larynx. Dr. A yat El- D omouky. C4. Function, site. C6. C ontiuation. Hyoid. Epiglottis. Thyroid cartilage. Cricoid cartilage. Curniculate. Arytenoid cartilage. Cuneiform. Cartilages of the larynx 1.thyroid cartilage. Thyroid angle.

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The larynx

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  1. The larynx Dr. Ayat El-Domouky

  2. C4 Function, site C6

  3. Contiuation

  4. Hyoid Epiglottis Thyroid cartilage Cricoid cartilage

  5. . Curniculate Arytenoid cartilage Cuneiform

  6. Cartilages of the larynx1.thyroid cartilage

  7. Thyroid angle

  8. Cartilages of the larynx2.cricoid cartilage

  9. Cartilages of the larynx3. arytenoid cartilage

  10. Corniculate cartilage Cunieform cartilage Apex Arytenoid cartilage Muscular process Vocal process Base

  11. Cartilages of the larynx4. epiglottis cartilage

  12. Thyrohyoid and cricothyroid membranes

  13. Quadrangular & cricothyroid membrane membrane

  14. Vocal cords

  15. Inlet of the larynx

  16. Laryngeal vestibule Laryngeal sinus Vestibular fold Vocal fold Infraglottic part

  17. Muscles of the larynx1. obliquearytenoid (narrow the inlet) and 2.thyroepiglottic (widens the inlet)

  18. 3.Cricothyroidmuscletense the vocal cord

  19. 4.Thyroarytenoid (vocalis) (relax)5.lateral cricoarytenoid (adducts)6.posterior cricoarytenoid (abduct)7.trnsverse arytenoid

  20. Muscles of the larynx Aryepiglottic Transverse arytenoid Oblique arytenoid Post.cricoarytenoid

  21. Nerve Supply of the Larynx • Sensory Nerves • Above the vocal cords: The internal laryngeal branch of the superior laryngeal branch of the vagus • Below the level of the vocal cords: The recurrent laryngeal nerve • Motor Nerves • All the intrinsic muscles of the larynx are supplied by the recurrent laryngeal nerve except The cricothyroid muscle is supplied by the external laryngeal branch of the superior laryngeal branch of the vagus. • Blood Supply of the Larynx • superior thyroid artery • inferior thyroid artery

  22. Sup.laryngeal N. Int.laryngeal N. Ext.laryngeal N. Recurrent Laryngeal N.

  23. The position of the vocal folds after damage of vagus nerve

  24. ENDOCRINE GLANDS

  25. PITUTARY GLAND

  26. Site The thyroid gland consists of right and left lobes which extend from oblique line of thyroid cartilage to the level of 4th or 5th tracheal ring The isthmus infront of 2nd,3rd,4th tracheal rings Thyroid gland

  27. Antrolaterally : the sternomastoid and infrahyoid muscles relations

  28. Postolaterally: carotid sheathmedially: 2tubes, 2nerves and parathyroid glands

  29. Blodd supply

  30. The external laryngeal nerve the superior thyroid artery The inferior thyroid artery The recurrent laryngeal nerve

  31. Vestibular fold Vocal cord Fixed No voice Vascular and pink in colour Mobile concerned with voice production Avascular and white in colour Work sheetCompare between the vocal and vestibular folds

  32. 2tubes: trachea and oesophagus 2 cartilages: thyroid and cricoid 2 nerves: recurrent and external laryngeal nerves 2 muscles: cricothyroid and inf. Constrictor muscle of pharynx Enumerate medial relations of thyroid gland

  33. All muscles of the larynx are innervated by recurrent laryngeal nerve except----- • Cricothyroid muscle • thyroarytenoid muscle • transverse arytenoid muscle • thyroepiglottic muscles Regarding the arytenoid cartilage, all of the following are true except……………. • Small and pyramid shaped • Located at the back of the larynx • Articulate with the upper border of the cricoid cartilage • A muscular process give attachment to the vocal cord MCQ

  34. Bilateral complete section of the recurrent laryngeal nerve results in………………….. • Weak voice • Loss of voice • Acute respiratory distress • No great effect Bilateral partial section of the recurrent laryngeal nerve results in………………….. • Weak voice • Loss of voice • Acute respiratory distress • No great effect unilateral section of the recurrent laryngeal nerve results in………………….. • Weak voice • Loss of voice • Acute respiratory distress • No great effect

  35. The vocal cord is --------- • The upper end of quadrangular membrane • The lower end of quadrangular membrane • The upper end of cricothyroid membrane • The lower end of cricothyroid membrane The vestibular cord is --------- • The upper end of quadrangular membrane • The lower end of quadrangular membrane • The upper end of cricothyroid membrane The lower end of cricothyroid membrane The aryepiglottic fold is --------- • The upper end of quadrangular membrane • The lower end of quadrangular membrane • The upper end of cricothyroid membrane • The lower end of cricothyroid membrane

  36. Superior thyroid artery is branch of--------------- • Internal carotid artery • External carotid artery • Common carotid artery • Thyrocervical trunk inferior thyroid artery is branch of--------------- • Internal carotid artery • External carotid artery • Common carotid artery • Thyrocervical trunk

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