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Protein Synthesis

Protein Synthesis. Write down 5 “things” that you know about DNA. What is a GENE?. Instruction manual for our body. They are the directions for building all the proteins that make our body function. Where is a Gene?. Within DNA The nitrogen bases spell out the instructions.

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Protein Synthesis

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  1. Protein Synthesis

  2. Write down 5 “things” that you know about DNA

  3. What is a GENE? Instruction manual for our body They are the directions for building all the proteins that make our body function

  4. Where is a Gene? • Within DNA • The nitrogen bases spell out the instructions.

  5. What is a TRAIT? A trait is a genetically determined characteristic

  6. RNA Ribonucleic Acid Make up of Nucleotides Contains Phosphorus

  7. RNA Nucleotide A Phosphate Nitrogen Base C B Guanine Cytosine Ribose Adenine Uracil

  8. Types of RNA Messenger RNA Nickname: mRNA Made up of ONE strand of nucleotides

  9. mRNA Function Copy a message from a gene on DNA DNA mRNA

  10. Types of RNA Transfer RNA Nickname: tRNA Made up of ONE strand of nucleotides and a amino acid

  11. tRNA Function Carries amino acids to mRNA Amino Acids mRNA

  12. Types of RNA Ribosomal RNA Nickname: rRNA Made up of ONE strand of nucleotides mixed with the ribosome

  13. rRNA Function Forms peptide bonds between the amino acids rRNA Peptide Bond Amino acid Amino acid Amino acid Amino acid

  14. DNA versus RNA: # of Strands 2 strands 1 strand

  15. DNA versus RNA: Sugar Deoxyribose Ribose

  16. DNA versus RNA: Bonds with Adenine DNA RNA Adenine Thymine Adenine Uracil

  17. Review: Protein Synthesis

  18. Brief summary of Protein synthesis Make Proteins

  19. Brief Summary of Transcription Make mRNA from a gene on DNA

  20. Location of Transcription Nucleus

  21. Process of Transcription DNA Backbone Nitrogen Bases T A C G C G C C T A G G A T T A G T A T G C G C G G A T C C T A A T C A RNA Polymerase RNA Polymerase attaches to DNA and breaks Hydrogen bonds; splitting DNA Choose a gene that needs to be “read” or copied

  22. Process of Transcription DNA RNA Polymerase T A C G C G C C T A G G A T T A G T A U G C G C G G A U C C U A A T C A A T G C G C G G A T C C T A A T C A mRNA DNA is split apart; separated RNA polymerase adds matching nucleotides to exposed DNA strand Nitrogen Bases DNA Backbone A T G C G C G G A T C C T A A T C A

  23. Process of Transcription DNA RNA Polymerase T A C G C G C C T A G G A T T A G T A T G C G C G G A T C C T A A T C A A U G C G C G G A U C C U A A U C A mRNA mRNA leaves the nucleus RNA Polymerase leaves DNA recombines A U G C G C G G A T C C T A A T C A mRNA Nitrogen Bases DNA Backbone A T G C G C G G A T C C T A A T C A

  24. Transcription Animation #1Transcription Animation #2Transcription Video

  25. Transcribe the following DNA TAC GGC AAA TAG GAT TTT CCA TTA AGT AUG CCG UUU AUC CUA AAA GGU AAU UCA mRNA

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