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Ukraine

Ukraine. Means the border AKA “Little Russia” Nearly four centuries of Russian rule developed strong links between the nations In 1991 Communism collapsed and Ukraine gained its own independence Breadbasket of Eastern Europe. Fallout from Chernobyl.

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Ukraine

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  1. Ukraine • Means the border • AKA “Little Russia” • Nearly four centuries of Russian rule developed strong links between the nations • In 1991 Communism collapsed and Ukraine gained its own independence • Breadbasket of Eastern Europe

  2. Fallout from Chernobyl

  3. 400 million people exposed in 20 countries

  4. Chernobyl’s political fallout • Stimulated Gorbachev’s glasnost (openness) • Stimulated nationalism in Ukraine, Belarus, and other republics that lost clean-up workers. • Growth of environmental opposition • Questioning of the heart of technocratic power • Soviet leaders were engineers, not lawyers • USSR collapsed within 5 years.

  5. Radiation and Health • Health effects as a result of radiation exposure: -increased likelihood of cancer -birth defects including long limbs, brain damage, conjoined stillborn twins -reduced immunity -genetic damage

  6. 8,000 deaths in 14 years 3.5 million sick, one/third of them children

  7. My grandmother, by Luda

  8. Death of my life, by Marina

  9. Chernobyl is war, by Irena

  10. Beauty and the beast, by Helena

  11. Nothing escapes radiation, by Irena

  12. Chernobyl, our hell, by Eugenia

  13. “It Can’t Happen Here” • U.S. reaction to Chernobyl, 1986 • Blamed on Communism, graphite reactor • Also Soviet reaction to Three-Mile Island, 1979 • Blamed on Capitalism, pressurized-water reactor • No technology 100% safe • Three-Mile Island bubble almost burst

  14. Three-Mile Island, PA 1979

  15. Health around TMI • In 1979, hundreds of people reported nausea, vomiting, hair loss, and skin rashes. Many pets were reported dead or showed signs of radiation • Lung cancer, and leukemia rates increased 2 to 10 times in areas within 10 miles downwind • Farmers received severe monetary losses due to deformities in livestock and crops after the disaster that are still occurring today.

  16. Plants near TMI -lack of chlorophyll -deformed leaf patterns -thick, flat, hollow stems -missing reproductive parts -abnormally large TMI dandelion leaf at right

  17. Nuclear reaction • Chain reaction occurs when a Uranium atom splits • Different reactions • Atomic Bomb in a split second • Nuclear Power Reactor more controlled, cannot explode like a bomb

  18. States with nuclear power plant(s)

  19. Nuclear power around the globe • 17% of world’s electricity from nuclear power • U.S. about 20% (2nd largest source) • 431 nuclear plants in 31 countries • 103 of them in the U.S. • Built none since 1970s (Wisconsin as leader). • U.S. firms have exported nukes. • Push from Bush/Cheney for new nukes.

  20. Technology depends on operators

  21. Other reactor accidents(besides TMI and Chernobyl) • 1952 Chalk River, Ontario • Partial core meltdown • 1957 Windscale, England • Graphite reactor fire contaminates 200 square miles. • 1975 Browns Ferry, Alabama • Plant caught fire • 1976 Lubmin, East Germany • Near meltdown of reactor core . • 1999 Tokaimura, Japan • Nuclear fuel plant spewed high levels of radioactive gas

  22. Risk of terrorism(new challenge to industry) 9/11 jet passed near Indian Point

  23. Summary Positives and Negatives • Nuclear energy has no typical pollutants or greenhouse gasses • Nuclear waste contains high levels of radioactive waste, which are active for hundreds of thousands of years.

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