'Frameshift mutation' diaporamas de présentation

Genes and Protein Synthesis

Genes and Protein Synthesis. Chapter 7. One Gene-One Polypeptide Hypothesis. DNA contains all of our hereditary information Genes are located in our DNA ~25,000 genes in our DNA (46 chromosomes) Each Gene codes for a specific polypeptide. Main Idea. Central Dogma Francis Crick (1956).

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Keystone Review

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Do Now Check, in your notes

Do Now Check, in your notes. Replicate this DNA strand: CATCGG Transcribe this DNA strand in to RNA: CATAGG Write 3 differences between DNA and RNA. V. Mutations. A. Introduction to Mutations. -A mutation is a change in DNA sequence (order of nucleotides).

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What is a mutation???

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Wednesday, January 16 th

Wednesday, January 16 th. Reminders: DNA Test Friday. What is a mutation?. What is the difference between the following mRNA strands? AUG CCG AUU UAG AUG CGA UUU AG. Mutations. What Are Mutations?. Changes in the nucleotide sequence of DNA

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Chapter 11

Chapter 11. Section 3-Genetic Changes. I) Mutations. Mutation-def-pg296- any change in the DNA sequence Mutations can be caused by: Errors in replication Errors in transcription Errors in cell division External agents. B)Mutations in reproductive cells

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Chromosome vs. Gene Mutations

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Chapter 14.5

Chapter 14.5. Mutated Genes and Their Protein Products. AP Biology Fall 2010. Mutation. A gene mutation is a change in one or several bases in the nucleotide sequence of DNA Alters the message encoded in mRNA, which can result in a change in the proteins synthesized. Common Gene Mutations.

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Mutations

Mutations. Genetic Mutations. ? Any mistake or change in the DNA base sequence is a and occur at random . ? Any organism that is affected by a mutation is called a Any substance or agent that causes a mutation is a

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Mutations

Mutations. What is a mutation?. What causes mutations?. Errors in DNA replication Errors in mRNA production Chemicals UV Radiation X-Rays. What is a point mutation?. What are the three types of point mutations?. Silent Missense Nonsense. What is a frameshift mutation?.

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How Genes Work

How Genes Work. 14.1 Translation. What is translation?. Conversion of code to polypeptide Happens in cytoplasm Players tRNA Anticodon mRNA Ribosomes. What does the ribosome do?. Two parts to ribosome 60S, 40S subunits (eukaryotes) 50S, 30S subunits (prokaryotes) Polyribosomes.

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Changes in DNA and Their Impacts

Changes in DNA and Their Impacts. Analogy. We will be using a sentence as an analogy representing a strand of DNA. Our sentence is: The fat cat ate the wee rat. If this sentence represents a strand of DNA, what does each word represent? What does each letter represent?. Mutations?!?.

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DNA

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Wild type ORF

Q1:. 5’ AUG CAC UUC CAU CAA GAC GAU UAA 3’. Wild type ORF. 5’ AUG CAC UU G CAU CAA GAC GAU UAA 3’. Mutant ORF (altered nucleotide in bold and underlined. This mutation is a: Silent mutation Missense mutation Nonsense mutation Frameshift mutation. What am I made of?. Q2: Ribosome DNA

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DNA Mutations

DNA Mutations. Mutations are changes in DNA. They can be good, bad or indifferent Most mutations are indifferent because they happen on introns . Very few mutations are good Mutations can occur on somatic cells or on gamates. Types of Mutation. Point Mutation.

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mutations

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Normal DNA Strand

DNA : TAC AAA GGA CGA GTA GTT TAA GCA AGA ATT. mRNA: AUG UUU CCU GCU CAU CAA AUU CGU UCU UAA Protein: Met-Phe-Pro-Ala-His-Glu-Ile-Arg-Ser-Stop. Normal DNA Strand. Mutation.

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Mutations

Mutations. What are they and how does it affect us?. Mutations. Gene mutations result from changes in a single gene. Chromosomal mutations involve changes whole chromosomes. Gene Mutation.

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Agents that cause mutations are known as mutagens. Radiation Viruses Transposons

Mutagens. Agents that cause mutations are known as mutagens. Radiation Viruses Transposons Mutagenic chemicals Errors may also occur during meiosis or DNA replication. They can also be induced by the organism itself, by cellular processes such as hypermutation.

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