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Announcements

Announcements. Reminder: exam #1 a week from today Need to check with me regarding clinical paper topic. Deadline Oct. 3 rd Upcoming assignment: parent interview. See handout. Research Methods. Types of Investigations. Naturalistic or Observational Studies

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Announcements

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  1. Announcements • Reminder: exam #1 a week from today • Need to check with me regarding clinical paper topic. Deadline Oct. 3rd • Upcoming assignment: parent interview. See handout.

  2. Research Methods

  3. Types of Investigations • Naturalistic or Observational Studies • (correlational studies; studies with quasi-experimental designs) • Characteristics of correlational studies • Relationships/Causality e.g. Harvard students/SAT e.g. TV watching and aggression in children (see next slide)

  4. TV and aggression • Headlines: “TV Time Yields Violence” (The Boston Globe) “Just an hour of TV time a day leads to violence” (Reuters)

  5. Relationships/Causality • Three ways that relationships can work: • TV causes aggression • Aggression causes TV watching (e.g. no friends, time to kill) • Third variable causes them both Example: health of babies born to smoking and nonsmoking parents

  6. Classic Experimental Studies Need to meet two conditions: • Random assignment to groups • Experimental control Steps to design an experimental study • Operationalize independent and dependent variables • Randomly assign participants to groups

  7. Classic Experimental Studies Conclusions/limitations: • Greatest strength is causality • Main problem is inability to use random assignment • generalizability

  8. Single Subject Design (Case studies and within subject designs) • Case studies • Used to figure out what might be important • Used when situation or disorder is very rare • Single subject designs • Used to assess change in behavior related to an intervention • A – B – A –B design

  9. Time Frame of Studies • Cross sectional research • Cheaper, easier but can’t look at change over time • Prospective longitudinal design • Capture developmental processes but time-consuming • Accelerated longitudinal design • Cohort sequential design

  10. Pedro-Carroll & Cowan divorce intervention study Intro.: • Establishes importance of research • Reviews prior research • Highlights gaps, builds • Didn’t address developmental impact of divorce • Doesn’t address divorce vs. prior conditions • Why chose particular areas??

  11. Divorce intervention study cont’ Methods: strengths: • Low dropout rate • Control group and random assignment • Range of sources of info./measurements weaknesses: • Expectancy effects • Variability in post divorce time • No attention control group – reactivity? • No info. on measures used

  12. Review for exam Know everything • Developmental psychopathology model • Risk/resilience/protective factors • Several questions on research methods and interpretation of findings • Be able to design a study • Be able to interpret results from each method (what can you know and not) • Divorce article and discussion in class • Importance of development in child psychopathology

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