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ASTER Operation Scenario and Status

ASTER Operation Scenario and Status. Y. Yamaguchi (Nagoya Univ., Japan) M. Fujita, T. Tachikawa, M. Kato, H. Tsu （ ERSDAC, Japan), M.J. Abrams, L. Maldonado (JPL, U.S.A.) IGARSS 2011, July 28, 2011 Vancouver, Canada. Contents. ASTER Characteristics SWIR Cryocooler Problem

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ASTER Operation Scenario and Status

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  1. ASTER Operation Scenario and Status Y. Yamaguchi (Nagoya Univ., Japan) M. Fujita, T. Tachikawa, M. Kato, H. Tsu（ERSDAC, Japan), M.J. Abrams, L. Maldonado(JPL, U.S.A.) IGARSS 2011, July 28, 2011 Vancouver, Canada

  2. Contents • ASTER Characteristics • SWIR Cryocooler Problem • Operation Scenario and Status • (1) Global Mapping (GM) • (2) TIR Nighttime Global Mapping (TGM) • (3) Gap Filler • (4) Underserved Area STAR • 4. Concluding Remarks

  3. Instruments on Terra MODIS ASTER (TIR) ASTER (SWIR) ASTER (VNIR) MISR MOPITT CERES ASTER Characteristics (1) • Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection • Radiometer on NASA’s Terra (EOS AM-1) spacecraft • ASTER instrument was provided by METI, Japan. • Launched in December, 1999

  4. Nadir Backward ASTER Characteristics (2) • Wide Spectral Coverage • 3 bands in VNIR (0.52 – 0.86 μm) • 6 bands in SWIR (1.6 – 2.43 μm) • 5 bands in TIR (8.125 – 11.65 μm) • High Spatial Resolution • 15m for VNIR bands • 30m for SWIR bands • 90m for TIR bands • Along-Track Stereo Capability • B/H 0.6 • DEM Elevation accuracy: 15m (3σ) • DEM Geolocation accuracy: 50m (3σ) •  ASTER Global DEM (GDEM)

  5. 6km ASTER VNIR RGB : 3,2,1 ASTER SWIR RGB : 9,5,4 ASTER TIR Band 13 Fumarole Lava (low albedo) Lava (high temp.) Lava (high temp.) Snow (high albedo) Snow (low albedo) Snow (low temp.) Multiband Observation of Mt.Etna Imaged on May 7, 2000

  6. SWIR Cryocooler Problem

  7. SWIR Temperature (2004-2008) 317K • The SWIR detector temperature had been • kept at 77 K by the cryocooler. • The detector temperature started rising • in 2004 due to the cryocooler malfunction, • and exceeded 90 K in May 2008. • Partial saturation in SWIR image data • occurred in 2007, and no usable SWIR • data has been acquired since May 2008. K 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

  8. SWIR Image Saturation Partially saturated SWIR image (band 9) acquired at 86.9 K Totally saturated SWIR image (band 4 and 5) acquired at 94 K

  9. ASTER Observation Modes Operational Unavailable

  10. Operation Scenario and Status

  11. Total ASTER Scenes : 2,014,401 ■Observed　□Never Observed As of June 1, 2011

  12. ASTER Daytime VNIR Scenes

  13. ASTER Nighttime TIR Scenes

  14. Data Acquisition Requests • Data Acquisition Request (DAR) • Local Observations by Individual Users • Science Team Acquisition Request (STAR) • Regional Monitoring, Urgent Observation • (vegetation, volcanoes, glaciers, cities) • Global Mapping (GM) • TIR Nighttime Global Mapping (TGM) • Gap Filler • Underserved Area STAR

  15. Operation Scenario and Status(1) Global Mapping (GM) • Daytime Full Mode Observation • High Sun Angle • Optimum Gain for Local Land Surface • No More Than 20 % Cloud Cover • Minimum Snow and Ice Cover

  16. Global Mapping (GM-3) □GM3H : Area 67,688,813 km2 □GM3M : Area 64,472,470 km2 □GM3L : Area 47,787,553 km2 Life Time: 2006/03/27-2010/04/01 Observation Condition Cloud < 20 %, Day, Full Mode, Sun Angle: 40-90°

  17. Global Mapping

  18. GM Daily Observation Scenes 93,063 13,067 84,830 76,230 GM1 2000-10-05 to 2006-03-29 10,730 GM2 2003-08-30 to 2006-03-29 GM3 2006-3-30 to 2009-09-30 63,253 GM4 2009-10-1 to 2015-4-1 54,868 As of Nov. 24th,2010

  19. Operation Scenario and Status(2) TIR Nighttime Global Mapping (TGM)

  20. TIR Nighttime Global Mapping (TGM) Observation Condition AvoidCloud : NO, Night, TIR only Mode □AOI of TGM1, Life Time: 2004/12/01 – 2006/08/31 □AOI of TGM2-1, Life Time: 2006/04/01 – 2010/04/01 □AOI of TGM2-2, Life Time: 2007/04/01 – 2010/03/31 □AOI of TGM2-3, Life Time: 2008/01/10 – 2009/04/01 □AOI of TGM2-4, Life Time: 2008/04/11 – 2009/04/01

  21. TIR Nighttime Global Mapping (TGM-3, 4) Achievement ■ < 20 % ■ 50 to 80 % ■ 20 to 50 %■ > 80 % ■TGM3 70.3 % ■TGM4 17.3 %

  22. Operation Scenario and Status(3) Gap FillerFor the areas where cloud-free ASTER imagery has never been acquired. We identify the target areas and submit STAR every half a year.

  23. Observed Scenes of Gap Filler 2011 As of June 1st,2011 ■ 8 scenes with Cloud Coverage < 10 % ■ 140 observed Scenes ■AOI of Under-served Area STAR Life Time: 2011/05/01 – 2011/12/01 Observation Condition Avoid Cloud : 10 %, Day, Full Mode, Sun Angle:20-90 ° 23

  24. Operation Scenario and Status(4) Underserved Area STAR For the areas where 3 times or less cloud-free ASTER imagery has been acquired. The target areas were identified in the GDEMprocessing.

  25. Underserved Area STAR □Underserved Area : 21,609,180 km2 UA2008 : Life Time:2008/12/27-2010/03/11 UA2010 : Life Time:2010/03/03-2015/01/01 Observation Condition Cloud < 20 %, Day, Full Mode, Sun Angle : 40-90°or 20-90°

  26. Achievement of Underserved Area STAR 2010 75.6% as of June 1st,2011 Achievement ■ < 20 % ■ 50 to 80 % ■ 20 to 50 %■ > 80 % Observation Condition Cloud < 20 %, Day, Full Mode, Sun Angle : 40-90°or 20-90°

  27. Acquired Scenes of Different Data Acquisition Categories

  28. Concluding Remarks The ASTER instrument has obtained more than 2 million scenes since January 2000. ASTER operation scenario is carefully designed to maximize data acquisition. No usable SWIR image data has been acquired since May 2008 due to the SWIR cryocooler malfunction.

  29. Thank you for your attention. To get ASTER Datahttp://www. ersdac.or.jp/https://lpdaac.usgs.gov/ASTER Homepage http://www.ersdac.or.jp/ http://asterweb.jpl.nasa.gov/

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